CVE-2025-33069VulnerabilityPublished 10 Jun 2025Updated 20 Feb 2026

CVE-2025-33069: Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 · Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Affects Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.1 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 23% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Local
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Temporal metrics

Exploit Code Maturity: Unproven
Remediation Level: Official Fix
Report Confidence: Confirmed

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Local: The vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or remotely (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., tricking a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.
Exploit Code Maturity: Unproven: No exploit code is available, or an exploit is theoretical.
Remediation Level: Official Fix: A complete vendor solution is available. Either the vendor has issued an official patch, or an upgrade is available.
Report Confidence: Confirmed: Detailed reports exist, or functional reproduction is possible (functional exploits may provide this). Source code is available to independently verify the assertions of the research, or the author or vendor of the affected code has confirmed the presence of the vulnerability.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 10 Jun 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2	Affected =10.0.26100.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Restrict local access to systems running Windows 11 Version 24H2, especially those with WDAC enabled, to trusted personnel only. 2. Implement strict user account controls and limit administrative privileges to reduce the risk of local exploitation. 3. Monitor endpoint behavior for anomalies indicative of WDAC bypass attempts, such as execution of unsigned or unexpected binaries. 4. Employ additional endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions that can detect suspicious activities beyond WDAC enforcement. 5. Once Microsoft releases an official patch or update addressing CVE-2025-33069, prioritize its deployment across all affected systems. 6. Consider temporarily enhancing application control policies with complementary technologies such as Microsoft Defender Application Control (MDAC) or third-party solutions to provide layered defense. 7. Conduct regular audits of WDAC policies and logs to identify potential bypass attempts or policy violations. 8. Educate users about the risks of local access exploitation and enforce physical security controls to prevent unauthorized access. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on access restriction, monitoring, layered defenses, and readiness for patch deployment.

Description

Improper verification of cryptographic signature in App Control for Business (WDAC) allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

Impact

The primary impact of CVE-2025-33069 is the potential bypass of WDAC security policies, which are critical for enforcing application control and preventing unauthorized code execution. This can lead to unauthorized code running with the same privileges as the user, potentially exposing sensitive data (confidentiality impact) and allowing modification of system or application state (integrity impact). Although availability is not directly affected, the compromise of integrity and confidentiality can facilitate further attacks such as privilege escalation or lateral movement within an organization’s network. Organizations relying on WDAC for endpoint protection, especially in enterprise environments, may face increased risk of targeted attacks or malware infections. The vulnerability requires local access, so remote exploitation is not possible, limiting the attack surface to insiders or users with physical or remote desktop access. However, given the widespread deployment of Windows 11 24H2 in corporate and government environments, the potential for misuse is significant if exploited. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers often develop exploits post-disclosure.

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessOWASP Top 10 A04:2025: Cryptographic Failures (opens in a new tab)
The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
REST Security (opens in a new tab)
JSON Web Token for Java (opens in a new tab)
REST Assessment (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Request Forgery Prevention (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.2 (opens in a new tab)
V3.5.3 (opens in a new tab)
V13.2.6 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Padding Oracle Crypto Attack (opens in a new tab)
Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-33069 (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

Loading reviews…

Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 21 Feb 2026, 21:06 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-347

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats