CVE-2025-37141 is an arbitrary file download vulnerability identified in the CLI binary of Hewlett Packard Enterprise's ArubaOS (AOS) versions 8.10.0.0, 8.12.0.0, 8.13.0.0, 10.4.0.0, and 10.7.0.0. ArubaOS is widely used in enterprise networking equipment, including controllers and mobility conductors that manage wireless and wired network infrastructure. The vulnerability allows an attacker who has authenticated with high privileges to craft specific commands or requests that exploit the CLI binary to download arbitrary files from the system. This could include sensitive configuration files, logs, or credentials stored on the device. The CVSS v3.1 score of 4.9 reflects a medium severity, primarily because exploitation requires privileged authentication (PR:H) but no user interaction (UI:N) and can be performed remotely (AV:N). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (C:H) but does not affect integrity or availability. The lack of known exploits in the wild suggests limited current exploitation, but the risk remains significant for insider threats or attackers who have compromised administrative credentials. ArubaOS devices are critical components in enterprise and service provider networks, making this vulnerability a concern for organizations relying on HPE networking infrastructure. The absence of patch links indicates that fixes may be pending or recently released, emphasizing the need for timely updates. Network segmentation, strict access controls, and monitoring of administrative access can help mitigate exploitation risks until patches are applied.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized disclosure of sensitive network configuration and operational data if an attacker gains privileged access to ArubaOS devices. Such data leakage could facilitate further attacks, including lateral movement, credential theft, or network reconnaissance. Confidentiality breaches could impact compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially leading to legal and financial consequences. Critical infrastructure sectors such as finance, telecommunications, healthcare, and government agencies that rely on ArubaOS for network management are particularly at risk. The vulnerability does not directly affect system integrity or availability, so immediate service disruption is unlikely. However, the exposure of sensitive files could undermine trust in network security and complicate incident response efforts. The requirement for privileged authentication limits exploitation to insiders or attackers who have already compromised administrative accounts, highlighting the importance of strong identity and access management. Overall, the impact is moderate but significant in environments where ArubaOS devices are integral to network security and operations.

1. Apply official patches from Hewlett Packard Enterprise as soon as they become available to address CVE-2025-37141. 2. Restrict CLI access to ArubaOS devices strictly to trusted administrators using network access control lists (ACLs) and management VLANs. 3. Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrative access to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 4. Regularly audit and monitor administrative login activity and CLI command usage for signs of suspicious behavior. 5. Implement network segmentation to isolate ArubaOS management interfaces from general user networks and the internet. 6. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to limit privileges of administrative accounts to the minimum necessary. 7. Conduct periodic security assessments and penetration tests focusing on network infrastructure devices. 8. Maintain up-to-date inventories of ArubaOS devices and their firmware versions to ensure timely vulnerability management. 9. Educate network administrators about the risks of this vulnerability and the importance of safeguarding credentials. 10. Consider deploying intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect anomalous CLI access patterns or file download attempts.