CVE-2025-37144 identifies an arbitrary file download vulnerability in Hewlett Packard Enterprise's ArubaOS (AOS) operating systems, specifically versions 8.10.0.0, 8.12.0.0, 8.13.0.0, 10.4.0.0, and 10.7.0.0. The flaw exists in a low-level interface library component used by AOS-10 Gateways and AOS-8 Controllers/Mobility Conductors. An attacker who has authenticated access with high privileges can exploit this vulnerability by crafting specific requests that trick the system into disclosing arbitrary files. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-22 (Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory), indicating a directory traversal or path manipulation issue. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.9, reflecting a medium severity level with network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no user interaction required. The impact is primarily on confidentiality, as the attacker can access sensitive files, but there is no direct impact on integrity or availability. No public exploits or patches are currently available, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and should be addressed promptly. ArubaOS devices are commonly deployed in enterprise wireless and network infrastructure, making this vulnerability relevant for organizations relying on HPE networking equipment. The requirement for authenticated access limits exploitation to insiders or attackers who have compromised credentials, but the potential for sensitive data exposure remains significant.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-37144 is the potential unauthorized disclosure of sensitive configuration files, credentials, or other critical data stored on ArubaOS devices. This could lead to further network compromise, espionage, or lateral movement within corporate networks. Given ArubaOS's widespread deployment in enterprise wireless and network infrastructure across Europe, especially in sectors such as finance, telecommunications, government, and critical infrastructure, the confidentiality breach could have serious operational and regulatory consequences. The vulnerability does not directly affect system availability or integrity, but the exposure of sensitive files could facilitate subsequent attacks that do. Organizations subject to GDPR and other data protection regulations must consider the risk of data leakage and potential compliance violations. The requirement for authenticated access somewhat mitigates risk but also highlights the importance of strong credential management and access controls. The absence of known exploits in the wild reduces immediate risk but does not preclude future exploitation attempts.

1. Restrict access to ArubaOS management interfaces to trusted networks and users only, using network segmentation and firewall rules. 2. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication (MFA), for all administrative access to ArubaOS devices. 3. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual file access patterns or attempts to download files from the affected low-level interface. 4. Implement strict role-based access controls (RBAC) to limit high-privilege accounts and reduce the attack surface. 5. Regularly audit user accounts and credentials to detect and remove unauthorized or stale accounts. 6. Prepare for patch deployment by closely monitoring HPE advisories and applying updates promptly once available. 7. Consider deploying intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability. 8. Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize and report suspicious activities related to ArubaOS management. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on access restriction, monitoring, and preparation for patching specific to ArubaOS environments.