CVE-2025-37856: Linux kernel · btrfs: harden block_group::bg_list against list_del() races
Affects Linux kernelSource GCVE Database
Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.8 High.
Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 13:34 UTC
Thin evidence
One scorer or none| CNA (Linux) | CVSS 3.1 | 7.8 |
|---|
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HExploitation evidence
Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 9 May 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors
A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 30 Oct 2026.
What to do
Affected software
| Product | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | Affected
| Fixed in– |
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: harden block_group::bg_list against list_del() races As far as I can tell, these calls of list_del_init() on bg_list cannot run concurrently with btrfs_mark_bg_unused() or btrfs_mark_bg_to_reclaim(), as they are in transaction error paths and situations where the block group is readonly. However, if there is any chance at all of racing with mark_bg_unused(), or a different future user of bg_list, better to be safe than sorry. Otherwise we risk the following interleaving (bg_list refcount in parens) T1 (some random op) T2 (btrfs_mark_bg_unused) !list_empty(&bg->bg_list); (1) list_del_init(&bg->bg_list); (1) list_move_tail (1) btrfs_put_block_group (0) btrfs_delete_unused_bgs bg = list_first_entry list_del_init(&bg->bg_list); btrfs_put_block_group(bg); (-1) Ultimately, this results in a broken ref count that hits zero one deref early and the real final deref underflows the refcount, resulting in a WARNING.
References
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/ccb20413e7c82e4429c81f10d0e36cd9c0c643cd (opens in a new tab)
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/9039afe6240ae01d6caf2fa731590ac74fb8a69b (opens in a new tab)
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf089c4d1141b27332c092b1dcca5022c415a3b6 (opens in a new tab)
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/909e60fb469d4101c6b08cf6e622efb062bb24a1 (opens in a new tab)
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/185fd73e5ac06027c4be9a129e59193f6a3ef202 (opens in a new tab)
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/7511e29cf1355b2c47d0effb39e463119913e2f6 (opens in a new tab)