VulnerabilityPublished 23 Jan 2026

CVE-2025-3839: epiphany · Product UI does not Warn User of Unsafe Actions

Affects epiphanySource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 8.0 High.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 14:05 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

8.0High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 33% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: High
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: High: A successful attack depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. That is, a successful attack cannot be accomplished at will, but requires the attacker to invest in some measurable amount of effort in preparation or execution against the vulnerable component before a successful attack can be expected. For example, a successful attack may require an attacker to: gather knowledge about the environment in which the vulnerable target/component exists; prepare the target environment to improve exploit reliability; or inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim in order to read and/or modify network communications (e.g., a man in the middle attack).
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 23 Jan 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Red Hatredhat/epiphany`pkg:rpm/redhat/epiphany`Other threats	Affected =0 =48.0	Fixed in–

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

Organizations should monitor for official patches from Epiphany and apply them promptly once available. Until patched, users should be educated about the risks of clicking untrusted links, especially those that may open external applications. Administrators can consider restricting or disabling external URL handler invocation via browser policies or system-level controls where feasible. Employing endpoint protection solutions that monitor and block suspicious external application launches can reduce exploitation risk. Network-level filtering to block access to known malicious sites can also help. Developers and security teams should audit and harden external URL handlers to minimize vulnerabilities that could be exploited through this vector. Additionally, browser vendors should enhance UI warnings and gating mechanisms to ensure users are clearly informed before external applications are launched.

Description

A flaw was found in Epiphany, a tool that allows websites to open external URL handler applications with minimal user interaction. This design can be misused to exploit vulnerabilities within those handlers, making them appear remotely exploitable. The browser fails to properly warn or gate this action, resulting in potential code execution on the client device via trusted UI behavior.

Impact

The vulnerability could lead to remote code execution on client devices, compromising confidentiality and integrity of user data and system state. Attackers can exploit this flaw by crafting malicious websites that trigger external URL handlers without adequate user warnings, potentially executing arbitrary code via vulnerable external applications. This can result in unauthorized data access, system compromise, or lateral movement within networks. Organizations relying on Epiphany, especially in environments with sensitive data or critical infrastructure, face increased risk of targeted attacks. The requirement for user interaction reduces automated exploitation risk but does not eliminate it, as users may be tricked into clicking links. The lack of known exploits currently limits immediate widespread impact, but the vulnerability presents a significant risk once weaponized. The scope change in CVSS indicates that the vulnerability affects components beyond the browser itself, increasing the complexity and potential reach of attacks.

References

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