CVE-2025-39379 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-98, which pertains to improper control of filenames used in include or require statements within PHP programs. Specifically, this vulnerability affects the Capturly product, a web analytics and user behavior tracking platform, in versions up to 2.0.1. The flaw allows for PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI), meaning an attacker can manipulate the filename parameter used in include or require statements to load unintended files from the local filesystem. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary PHP code if an attacker can control or influence the contents of the included file. Although the vulnerability is described as a Remote File Inclusion (RFI) type, the details specify PHP Local File Inclusion, indicating that remote file loading is not directly possible, but local files can be included. This can still be leveraged to read sensitive files, escalate privileges, or execute code if combined with other vulnerabilities or misconfigurations. The vulnerability arises from insufficient validation or sanitization of user-supplied input that controls the filename in include/require statements. No official patch links are available at the time of publication, and there are no known exploits in the wild. The vulnerability was reserved and published in April 2025, with a medium severity rating assigned by the source. The lack of a CVSS score means severity assessment must consider impact on confidentiality, integrity, availability, ease of exploitation, and scope. The vulnerability does not appear to require authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. Capturly is typically deployed on web servers to collect analytics data, so exploitation could compromise the web server environment and potentially the broader network if lateral movement is possible.

For European organizations using Capturly for web analytics, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to confidentiality and integrity of their web infrastructure. An attacker exploiting the LFI vulnerability could access sensitive configuration files, credentials, or application source code, potentially leading to further compromise such as privilege escalation or data exfiltration. The integrity of analytics data could be undermined, affecting business decisions based on this data. Availability impact is moderate, as exploitation could lead to denial of service if critical files are included or corrupted. Since Capturly is often integrated into websites, successful exploitation could also facilitate website defacement or serve as a pivot point for attacks against internal networks. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently limits immediate risk, but the medium severity and ease of exploitation without authentication mean organizations should prioritize remediation. The impact is heightened for sectors with strict data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR) where data breaches can lead to significant fines and reputational damage.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting access to the vulnerable Capturly installation by IP whitelisting or network segmentation to limit exposure. 2. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on all parameters controlling include/require statements to ensure only intended files can be loaded. 3. Monitor web server logs for suspicious requests attempting to manipulate file inclusion parameters. 4. Disable PHP functions that enable file inclusion from user input if not required, such as 'allow_url_include' and 'allow_url_fopen'. 5. If possible, upgrade Capturly to a patched version once available; in the meantime, consider temporary removal or replacement of the vulnerable component. 6. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting LFI attack patterns to block exploitation attempts. 7. Conduct a thorough security review of the web server and application environment to identify and remediate any related misconfigurations or vulnerabilities that could be chained with this LFI. 8. Educate development and operations teams about secure coding practices related to file inclusion to prevent recurrence.