CVE-2025-39506 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-98, which pertains to improper control of filenames used in include or require statements within PHP programs. Specifically, this vulnerability affects the NasaTheme Nasa Core product, versions up to and including 6.3.2. The flaw allows for PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI), a type of vulnerability where an attacker can manipulate the filename parameter to include unintended files on the server. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary code, disclosure of sensitive information, or complete compromise of the affected system. The vulnerability arises because the application does not properly validate or sanitize user-supplied input used in PHP include or require statements, enabling attackers to traverse directories or specify malicious files. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.1, indicating a high severity with the vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, meaning the attack is network exploitable but requires high attack complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction, with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, suggesting that mitigation may rely on vendor updates or manual code review and hardening. This vulnerability is critical because it can lead to full system compromise if exploited, especially on web servers running the vulnerable Nasa Core theme in PHP environments.

For European organizations using the NasaTheme Nasa Core product, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to internal files, leakage of sensitive corporate or personal data, and potential full server compromise. This is particularly concerning for organizations handling regulated data under GDPR, as data breaches could result in severe legal and financial penalties. Additionally, compromised web servers could be used as a foothold for lateral movement within corporate networks, leading to broader infrastructure compromise. The high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability means that critical business operations could be disrupted, damaging reputation and trust. Since the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication or user interaction, attackers can target exposed web servers directly over the internet, increasing the attack surface. European organizations with public-facing websites or intranet portals using this theme are at heightened risk, especially if they have not applied any mitigations or updates.

1. Immediate code review and hardening: Audit all PHP include and require statements in the Nasa Core theme to ensure that filenames are strictly validated and sanitized. Implement whitelisting of allowable files or paths to prevent arbitrary file inclusion. 2. Apply vendor patches promptly once available: Monitor NasaTheme vendor communications for security updates addressing this vulnerability and deploy them without delay. 3. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs): Configure WAF rules to detect and block suspicious requests attempting directory traversal or unusual include parameters targeting PHP files. 4. Restrict file permissions: Ensure that web server user accounts have minimal permissions, preventing access to sensitive files outside the web root. 5. Disable unnecessary PHP functions: Where possible, disable functions like include(), require(), or allow_url_include in php.ini to reduce attack vectors. 6. Monitor logs for anomalous access patterns indicative of LFI attempts and respond swiftly. 7. Conduct penetration testing focusing on file inclusion vulnerabilities to validate the effectiveness of mitigations.