CVE-2025-39507 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-98, which involves improper control of filenames used in include or require statements within PHP programs. Specifically, this vulnerability affects the NasaTheme Nasa Core product up to version 6.3.2. The flaw allows for PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI), where an attacker can manipulate the filename parameter to include unintended files on the server. This can lead to arbitrary code execution, disclosure of sensitive files, or complete compromise of the web server hosting the vulnerable application. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network (AV:N) but requires low privileges (PR:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). However, the attack complexity is high (AC:H), indicating that exploitation may require specific conditions or knowledge. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), meaning successful exploitation can lead to full system compromise, data leakage, and service disruption. No public exploits are currently known in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was reserved in April 2025 and published in May 2025, indicating it is a recent discovery. The core issue stems from insufficient validation or sanitization of input controlling the filename in PHP include/require statements, allowing attackers to traverse directories or specify local files to include malicious or sensitive content.

For European organizations using the NasaTheme Nasa Core product, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, including customer information, intellectual property, or internal configuration files. The ability to execute arbitrary code could allow attackers to pivot within networks, deploy ransomware, or disrupt critical services. Given the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, organizations could face regulatory penalties under GDPR for data breaches, reputational damage, and operational downtime. Industries such as government, finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure in Europe that rely on PHP-based web applications with NasaTheme components are particularly at risk. The absence of known exploits provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the high severity demands immediate attention to prevent potential targeted attacks.

European organizations should immediately audit their web applications to identify any use of NasaTheme Nasa Core up to version 6.3.2. Since no official patches are currently linked, organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and sanitization on all parameters controlling file inclusion to ensure only intended files can be included. 2) Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious include/require patterns or directory traversal attempts. 3) Restrict PHP configurations by disabling allow_url_include and limiting include_path to trusted directories. 4) Conduct code reviews focusing on dynamic include/require statements to refactor or harden them against injection. 5) Monitor logs for unusual file access patterns or errors indicative of LFI attempts. 6) Isolate vulnerable web servers using network segmentation to limit lateral movement if exploited. 7) Prepare incident response plans specific to web application compromise scenarios. Organizations should also stay alert for official patches or updates from NasaTheme and apply them promptly once available.