CVE-2025-4004 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul COVID19 Testing Management System, specifically within the /password-recovery.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of user-supplied input parameters, notably 'username' and 'contactno', which are directly incorporated into SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject malicious SQL code, potentially manipulating the backend database. The impact of such an injection can include unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive health data managed by the system. Given that the affected component is part of the password recovery mechanism, exploitation could also facilitate account takeover or privilege escalation. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely without any authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 (medium severity), the nature of SQL Injection in a health management context warrants careful attention. The public disclosure of the exploit code increases the likelihood of active exploitation attempts. No official patches have been linked yet, indicating that affected organizations may currently lack vendor-provided remediation options. Other parameters beyond 'username' and 'contactno' might also be vulnerable, suggesting a broader attack surface within the application. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, which is a specialized COVID19 testing management system developed by PHPGurukul, likely deployed in healthcare environments managing testing data and patient information.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers and public health authorities using the PHPGurukul COVID19 Testing Management System, this vulnerability poses significant risks. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive personal health information, including COVID19 test results and patient identifiers, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Data integrity could be compromised, resulting in inaccurate test records that may affect public health responses and patient care. Availability of the system could be disrupted if attackers manipulate or delete critical data, impacting testing workflows during ongoing pandemic management. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the risk of widespread attacks, especially if the system is internet-facing or accessible via VPNs. Additionally, the public disclosure of exploit code may attract opportunistic attackers targeting healthcare infrastructure, which remains a high-value target in Europe. The impact extends beyond individual organizations to national health data repositories if interconnected systems share data with this platform. Consequently, the vulnerability could undermine trust in COVID19 testing processes and hamper pandemic control efforts.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should immediately implement compensating controls. First, conduct a thorough audit of all instances of the PHPGurukul COVID19 Testing Management System version 1.0 and identify exposed endpoints, especially /password-recovery.php. Restrict access to the application to trusted networks using network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable parameters. Implement input validation and parameterized queries at the application layer if source code access is available, or consider temporary code modifications to sanitize inputs. Monitor logs for suspicious activities related to SQL injection attempts and unusual database queries. If possible, isolate the system from external internet access and require VPN or zero-trust access models for remote users. Prepare incident response plans specific to data breaches involving health information. Engage with PHPGurukul for updates or patches and plan for timely upgrades once available. Additionally, consider migrating to alternative, actively maintained COVID19 testing management solutions with robust security postures.