CVE-2025-4037 is a critical vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the code-projects ATM Banking software, specifically affecting the moneyDeposit and moneyWithdraw functions. The vulnerability arises from business logic errors that allow manipulation of these core banking operations. Business logic vulnerabilities occur when the application’s intended workflows or rules are bypassed or manipulated, leading to unauthorized or unintended actions. In this case, the flaw could enable an attacker with local access to the system to exploit the deposit and withdrawal processes, potentially causing financial discrepancies such as unauthorized fund withdrawals or deposits that do not reflect actual transactions. The attack requires local access and low privileges, meaning an attacker must have some level of authenticated access to the system but does not need elevated privileges or user interaction to exploit the flaw. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates a medium severity score of 4.8, reflecting the limited attack vector (local access) and the absence of user interaction or complex attack conditions. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, but the exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability does not affect confidentiality or system-wide availability directly but impacts the integrity of financial transactions, which is critical in banking environments. No patches or mitigation links have been provided yet, indicating that organizations using this software version must take immediate compensating controls to mitigate risk.

For European organizations, especially financial institutions and ATM operators using code-projects ATM Banking 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to transactional integrity. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized fund manipulation, causing financial losses, regulatory non-compliance, and reputational damage. The integrity compromise of deposit and withdrawal functions could undermine customer trust and lead to audit failures. Since the attack requires local access, insider threats or compromised internal systems are the primary concern. The impact is more severe for organizations with distributed ATM networks where physical or remote local access to ATM software is possible. Additionally, the lack of patches increases exposure time. Given the critical nature of banking operations in Europe and strict regulatory frameworks like PSD2 and GDPR, any financial data manipulation could trigger legal and financial penalties. The medium CVSS score may underestimate the real-world impact due to the criticality of financial transaction integrity in banking systems.

1. Restrict and monitor local access strictly: Implement strong access controls, including multi-factor authentication and role-based access, to limit who can access ATM software locally. 2. Conduct thorough auditing and logging of all moneyDeposit and moneyWithdraw operations to detect anomalous transactions promptly. 3. Employ network segmentation and endpoint protection to reduce the risk of attackers gaining local access to ATM systems. 4. Use application whitelisting and integrity verification tools to detect unauthorized modifications or abnormal behavior in ATM software. 5. Train staff to recognize and report suspicious activity that could indicate insider threats or local compromise. 6. If possible, isolate ATM software environments and restrict administrative access to trusted personnel only. 7. Engage with the vendor for patches or updates and apply them immediately once available. 8. Consider implementing additional transaction verification steps or manual reconciliation processes temporarily to detect and prevent fraudulent transactions. 9. Perform regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on local access vectors and business logic validation.