CVE-2025-40628 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability identified in DomainsPRO version 1.2. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, specifically through the 'd' parameter in the '/article.php' endpoint. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the backend database without any user interaction or privileges. Exploiting this vulnerability can enable attackers to retrieve, modify, create, or delete data within the database, potentially leading to full compromise of the affected system's data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CVSS 4.0 score of 9.3 reflects the high severity, with an attack vector classified as network-based (AV:N), no required privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H, VI:H, VA:H). The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, making it highly exploitable remotely. DomainsPRO is a product used for domain management, and such a vulnerability could be leveraged to manipulate domain-related data, disrupt services, or facilitate further attacks such as data exfiltration or lateral movement within an organization. No patches have been published yet, and no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, but the critical nature of the vulnerability demands immediate attention.

For European organizations using DomainsPRO 1.2, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access and manipulation of sensitive domain management data, potentially affecting domain registration, DNS configurations, or other critical infrastructure components. This could result in service disruptions, data breaches, or domain hijacking, impacting business continuity and reputation. Given the criticality and ease of exploitation, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to gain footholds in networks, escalate privileges, or exfiltrate sensitive information. Organizations in sectors with high reliance on domain management platforms, such as telecommunications, hosting providers, and enterprises managing multiple domains, are particularly at risk. The lack of available patches increases the window of exposure, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation measures to protect European entities from potential attacks.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the '/article.php' endpoint and the 'd' parameter. 2. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied inputs, especially the 'd' parameter, to neutralize special SQL characters and prevent injection. 3. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to separate SQL logic from data inputs, effectively mitigating injection risks. 4. Restrict database user privileges to the minimum necessary, avoiding use of highly privileged accounts for web application database connections. 5. Monitor application logs and network traffic for unusual or suspicious activity indicative of SQL injection attempts. 6. Engage with the vendor or development team to prioritize the release of a security patch and plan for prompt application once available. 7. As a temporary measure, consider restricting access to the vulnerable endpoint via IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure. 8. Conduct security awareness training for developers and administrators on secure coding practices and vulnerability management related to SQL injection.