CVE-2025-4071 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul COVID19 Testing Management System, specifically within the /test-details.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'Status' parameter, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious SQL code. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries on the backend database without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is classified with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting its network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no privileges or user interaction needed. Exploiting this vulnerability could enable attackers to read, modify, or delete sensitive data related to COVID19 testing records, potentially compromising patient confidentiality and data integrity. Although no public exploits are currently known in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the risk of exploitation. The lack of available patches or mitigations from the vendor further exacerbates the threat. Given the critical nature of healthcare data and the role of COVID19 testing systems in public health management, this vulnerability poses a significant risk if left unaddressed.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers, public health authorities, and laboratories using the PHPGurukul COVID19 Testing Management System, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, including test results and personal health information. Such data breaches can result in violations of GDPR regulations, leading to substantial fines and reputational damage. Additionally, manipulation or deletion of test data could disrupt COVID19 tracking and response efforts, undermining public health initiatives. The integrity and availability of testing data are critical for timely decision-making during the pandemic; thus, exploitation could have cascading effects on healthcare operations and public trust. Furthermore, attackers could leverage this vulnerability as a foothold for broader network compromise, especially if the system interfaces with other healthcare infrastructure.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on input validation and parameterized queries: developers or administrators should implement prepared statements with bound parameters for all database interactions involving the 'Status' parameter to prevent SQL injection. 2. If source code modification is not feasible, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically targeting SQL injection patterns on the /test-details.php endpoint can help block exploitation attempts. 3. Network segmentation should be enforced to isolate the COVID19 Testing Management System from other critical healthcare systems, limiting lateral movement in case of compromise. 4. Conduct thorough logging and monitoring of database queries and web application access to detect anomalous activities indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Organizations should engage with PHPGurukul or community forums to track the release of official patches or updates and apply them promptly once available. 6. As a longer-term measure, consider migrating to more secure and actively maintained COVID19 testing management platforms that follow secure coding practices and receive regular security updates.