CVE-2025-4073 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 3.20 of the PHPGurukul Student Record System, specifically within the /change-password.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'currentpassword' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries without adequate escaping or parameterization. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands by manipulating the 'currentpassword' argument. Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to the underlying database, enabling attackers to read, modify, or delete sensitive student records or potentially escalate privileges within the application. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction or authentication, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no public exploits are currently known in the wild, the vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, which may increase the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The absence of available patches or vendor advisories at this time further elevates the risk for organizations using this specific version of the PHPGurukul Student Record System.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions and administrative bodies using PHPGurukul Student Record System 3.20, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of student data. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of personal information, including academic records and possibly sensitive personal identifiers, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Integrity compromises could disrupt academic records, affecting student evaluations and institutional credibility. Availability impacts are limited but possible if attackers execute destructive SQL commands. The vulnerability's remote and unauthenticated nature increases the attack surface, making it easier for threat actors to target multiple institutions simultaneously. Given the critical role of student record systems in educational administration, exploitation could also disrupt operational continuity. Moreover, the public disclosure of the vulnerability may attract opportunistic attackers targeting less-secured European educational entities, potentially leading to data breaches and regulatory penalties.

Organizations should immediately assess their use of PHPGurukul Student Record System version 3.20 and prioritize upgrading to a patched version once available. In the absence of an official patch, implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'currentpassword' parameter in /change-password.php. 2) Conduct a thorough code review and refactor the vulnerable code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. 3) Restrict database user privileges associated with the application to the minimum necessary, preventing unauthorized data manipulation. 4) Monitor application logs for unusual SQL errors or suspicious activity related to password change requests. 5) Employ network segmentation to isolate the student record system from broader institutional networks, limiting lateral movement in case of compromise. 6) Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability and establish incident response procedures to quickly address potential exploitation attempts. 7) Regularly back up student data securely to enable recovery in case of data integrity issues.