CVE-2025-4074 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System, specifically within the /admin/pass-bwdates-report.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'fromdate' and 'todate' parameters, which are used to filter reports by date ranges. An attacker can remotely manipulate these parameters to inject malicious SQL code, potentially allowing unauthorized access to the underlying database. This can lead to unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion, depending on the database permissions and structure. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, making it exploitable by any remote attacker with network access to the affected system. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 (medium severity), the lack of authentication and remote exploitability elevate the risk, especially considering the sensitive nature of e-pass management systems that handle personal and movement data during curfew or lockdown scenarios. No patches or fixes have been officially released at the time of disclosure, and while no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts.

For European organizations, particularly governmental or municipal bodies managing movement control or public health-related passes, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to personal data of citizens, including identity details and movement permissions, potentially violating GDPR regulations and causing reputational damage. The integrity of the e-pass data could be compromised, allowing attackers to forge or alter pass records, undermining public safety measures. Availability impacts are possible if attackers execute destructive SQL commands, potentially disrupting the issuance or verification of e-passes. Given the critical role of such systems in managing public order during emergencies, any disruption or data breach could have cascading effects on public trust and operational continuity.

Organizations using PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System 1.0 should immediately implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions, especially those involving 'fromdate' and 'todate' parameters, to prevent SQL injection. 2) Restrict network access to the administrative interface to trusted IP addresses or via VPN to reduce exposure. 3) Monitor database logs and web application logs for unusual query patterns or repeated failed attempts indicative of injection attempts. 4) Implement Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with rules targeting SQL injection signatures to provide an additional layer of defense. 5) Conduct a thorough security audit of the entire application to identify and remediate any other injection points. 6) Plan for an upgrade or patch deployment as soon as the vendor releases an official fix. 7) Educate administrative users about the risks and signs of compromise to enable prompt reporting and response.