CVE-2025-4102 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting the Beaver Builder Plugin (Starter Version) for WordPress, specifically all versions up to and including 2.9.1. The vulnerability arises from improper validation of file types in the 'save_enabled_icons' function, which allows authenticated users with Administrator-level privileges or higher to upload arbitrary files to the server. This lack of file type validation corresponds to CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type. Because the plugin fails to restrict or sanitize the types of files uploaded, attackers can potentially upload malicious scripts or executables, leading to remote code execution (RCE) on the affected web server. The vulnerability was partially mitigated in version 2.9.1, but the description implies that the patch may not fully resolve the issue, so earlier versions remain vulnerable. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.2 (High), with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, indicating that the attack can be performed remotely over the network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges (Administrator), no user interaction, and impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability significantly. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, but the potential for exploitation is substantial given the nature of the vulnerability and the widespread use of WordPress and its plugins. The vulnerability specifically targets the Beaver Builder Plugin, a popular WordPress page builder tool, which is widely used by organizations and individuals to create and manage website content. The ability to upload arbitrary files can lead to full server compromise, data theft, defacement, or use of the server as a pivot point for further attacks within the network.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially for those relying on WordPress websites using the Beaver Builder Plugin (Starter Version). Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of web services, and potential lateral movement within corporate networks. Given the high privileges required, the threat is primarily from insiders or compromised administrator accounts, but the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is critical. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and e-commerce, which often host sensitive customer or citizen data on WordPress platforms, could face severe regulatory and reputational consequences if exploited. Additionally, compromised websites could be used to distribute malware or conduct phishing campaigns targeting European users, amplifying the broader cybersecurity risk. The partial patch in version 2.9.1 suggests that organizations running earlier versions are at higher risk, and even those on 2.9.1 should verify the effectiveness of the patch. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the vulnerability’s nature means it could be weaponized quickly once exploit code becomes available.

Immediately update the Beaver Builder Plugin (Starter Version) to the latest version beyond 2.9.1 once a full patch is released that completely addresses the vulnerability. If an updated fully patched version is not yet available, restrict Administrator-level access to trusted personnel only and implement strict access controls and monitoring for suspicious activities related to file uploads. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block attempts to upload potentially malicious files via the 'save_enabled_icons' function or related endpoints. Conduct regular audits of uploaded files on the server to detect any unauthorized or suspicious files, especially those with executable extensions or unusual content. Harden WordPress installations by disabling unnecessary plugins and features, and ensure that file permissions on the server prevent execution of uploaded files in directories used for uploads. Employ multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrator accounts to reduce the risk of credential compromise leading to exploitation. Monitor logs for unusual administrator activity or file upload patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts. Prepare an incident response plan specifically for web server compromises involving WordPress plugins to ensure rapid containment and remediation if exploitation occurs.