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EPSS 0.8%top 26%

CVE-2025-41277: CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') in Waterfall WF-500

0
Critical
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-41277cvecve-2025-41277cwe-78
Published: Fri May 29 2026 (05/29/2026, 10:57:59 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: Waterfall
Product: WF-500

Description

Nozomi Networks Labs identified a CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') in the Console WebUI in Waterfall WF-500 TX and RX Hosts in version 7.9.1.0 R2502171040 that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the device.

CVSS v4.0

Score 9.3critical

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vuln. Confidentiality
High
Vuln. Integrity
High
Vuln. Availability
High
Subsq. Confidentiality
None
Subsq. Integrity
None
Subsq. Availability
None
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

AI-Powered Analysis

Machine-generated threat intelligence

AILast updated: 05/29/2026, 12:03:59 UTC

Technical Analysis

This vulnerability involves improper neutralization of special elements in OS commands within the Console WebUI of Waterfall WF-500 devices (TX and RX Hosts) running version 7.9.1.0 R2502171040. It enables remote attackers without authentication to execute arbitrary OS commands, posing a critical security risk. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 9.3, reflecting high exploitability and impact. The vendor has not yet released an official fix or provided remediation guidance. The vulnerability was identified and published by Nozomi Networks Labs.

Potential Impact

Successful exploitation allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected Waterfall WF-500 devices, potentially leading to full system compromise. This can result in unauthorized control over the device, data breach, disruption of operations, or further network penetration. The high CVSS score indicates severe impact and ease of exploitation.

Mitigation Recommendations

Patch status is not yet confirmed — check the vendor advisory for current remediation guidance. Until an official fix is available, restrict network access to the Console WebUI to trusted administrators only and monitor for any unusual activity. Avoid exposing the affected devices directly to untrusted networks. Follow vendor communications closely for updates on patches or official mitigations.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.2
Assigner Short Name
Nozomi
Date Reserved
2025-04-16T09:53:43.283Z
Cvss Version
4.0
State
PUBLISHED
Remediation Level
null

Threat ID: 6a197d1ae29bf47b50e0e431

Added to database: 5/29/2026, 11:48:42 AM

Last enriched: 5/29/2026, 12:03:59 PM

Last updated: 5/31/2026, 4:52:51 AM

Views: 8

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