VulnerabilityPublished 23 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-41402: Gallagher Command Centre Server · Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security

Affects Gallagher Command Centre ServerSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.5 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 10:12 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.5Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 3% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector: Local
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: High
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Local: The vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or remotely (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., tricking a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.
Integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 23 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Gallagher Command Centre Server	Affected 0 – 9.30 4 affected builds	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Apply vendor patches immediately upon release to ensure server-side validation is enforced correctly. 2) Restrict privileged operator access strictly on a need-to-know basis and monitor operator activities for anomalies related to competency data changes. 3) Implement additional server-side validation controls or custom scripts to verify competency expiry independently of client input. 4) Conduct regular audits of competency data and access logs to detect unauthorized modifications. 5) Employ network segmentation and access controls to limit the ability of operators to manipulate the Command Centre Server from unauthorized endpoints. 6) Train security personnel to recognize and respond to potential misuse of operator privileges. 7) Engage with Gallagher support to confirm patch availability and best practices for secure configuration. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on operational controls and compensating technical measures until patches are deployed.

Description

Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security (CWE-602) in the Command Centre Server allows a privileged operator to enter invalid competency data, bypassing expiry checks. This issue affects Command Centre Server: 9.30 prior to vEL9.30.2482 (MR2), 9.20 prior to vEL9.20.2819 (MR4), 9.10 prior to vEL9.10.3672 (MR7), all versions of 9.00 and prior.

Impact

For European organizations, especially those relying on Gallagher Command Centre Server for physical security management, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized extension of operator privileges. This can lead to insider threats where operators retain or escalate access beyond their authorized period, potentially compromising physical security controls and access logs. The integrity of competency data is critical for compliance and audit purposes; thus, manipulation could undermine regulatory adherence and increase liability. While confidentiality and availability are not directly impacted, the breach of integrity can facilitate further malicious activities or unauthorized access to sensitive facilities. Organizations in sectors such as critical infrastructure, government, transportation, and large enterprises with strict physical security requirements are particularly vulnerable. The medium severity suggests a moderate risk that should be addressed promptly to prevent exploitation by insiders or attackers with privileged access.

CWE-602Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security (opens in a new tab)
Class weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumOWASP Top 10 A06:2025: Insecure Design (opens in a new tab)
The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely.
Architecture and Design
If some degree of trust is required between the two entities, then use integrity checking and strong authentication to ensure that the inputs are coming from a trusted source.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Docker Security (opens in a new tab)
Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)
Deserialization (opens in a new tab)
Access Control (opens in a new tab)
Authorization Testing Automation (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V1.4.1 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.3 (opens in a new tab)
V4.1.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Manipulating Hidden Fields (opens in a new tab)
Create Malicious Client (opens in a new tab)
Removing Important Client Functionality (opens in a new tab)
Removing/short-circuiting 'Purse' logic: removing/mutating 'cash' decrements (opens in a new tab)
Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

security.gallagher.com/en-NZ/Security-Advisories/CVE-2025-41402 (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 30 Oct 2025, 04:41 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-602

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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