CVE-2025-4157 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Boat Booking System, specifically within the /admin/booking-details.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Status' parameter, which is used in SQL queries. An attacker can manipulate this parameter remotely to inject malicious SQL code, potentially altering the behavior of the database queries executed by the application. This could lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within the backend database. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely without authentication, although the CVSS vector indicates a low privilege requirement (PR:L), suggesting some level of access is needed, possibly a low-privileged user account. The CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and a relatively low complexity of attack. The vulnerability is publicly disclosed but no known exploits in the wild have been reported yet. The affected product is a niche boat booking system, likely used by small to medium enterprises or local tourism operators. The lack of patches or vendor advisories at this time increases the risk for organizations still running this version. Given the nature of SQL injection, attackers could leverage this flaw to extract sensitive booking data, manipulate bookings, or escalate privileges if combined with other vulnerabilities.

For European organizations using PHPGurukul Boat Booking System 1.0, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive customer and booking information, potentially violating data protection regulations such as GDPR. The integrity of booking records could be compromised, leading to fraudulent bookings or cancellations, which could disrupt business operations and damage reputation. Availability impact is limited but possible if attackers execute destructive SQL commands. Given the medium CVSS score and the requirement for some privilege, the risk is moderate but should not be underestimated, especially for organizations handling large volumes of personal data or payment information. The exposure of booking data could also facilitate further targeted attacks or fraud. Additionally, the lack of known exploits in the wild suggests that proactive mitigation is critical to prevent initial compromise.

Apply input validation and parameterized queries (prepared statements) to sanitize the 'Status' parameter and all other user inputs in the /admin/booking-details.php file. Upgrade to a patched or newer version of the PHPGurukul Boat Booking System once available; if no patch exists, consider disabling or restricting access to the vulnerable admin interface until remediation. Implement strict access controls and network segmentation to limit access to the admin panel only to trusted IP addresses or VPN users. Conduct regular code audits and penetration testing focused on SQL injection and other injection flaws in the booking system. Monitor database logs and application logs for unusual queries or access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Enforce the principle of least privilege on database accounts used by the application to minimize potential damage from SQL injection. Backup booking system databases regularly and verify the integrity of backups to enable recovery in case of data tampering or loss.