CVE-2025-4173 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the SourceCodester Online Eyewear Shop application. The vulnerability exists specifically in the delete_cart function located in the /oews/classes/Master.php file. The issue arises due to improper sanitization or validation of the 'ID' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. This allows an attacker to manipulate the 'ID' argument to inject arbitrary SQL code. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction or authentication, increasing the attack surface. Although the CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), the vulnerability can potentially lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within the application's database, impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, but there are no known active exploits in the wild at the time of publication. The vulnerability does not require privileges or user interaction, making it easier to exploit if the application is exposed to the internet. The scope is limited to the Online Eyewear Shop version 1.0, which is a niche e-commerce platform likely used by small to medium-sized businesses. The vulnerability is classified as a classic SQL Injection, a common and well-understood attack vector that can lead to severe consequences if exploited, including data breaches and potential full system compromise depending on the backend database and server configuration.

For European organizations using the SourceCodester Online Eyewear Shop 1.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive customer and business data stored in the backend database. Exploitation could lead to data leakage, manipulation of order or cart information, and disruption of e-commerce operations. This could result in financial losses, reputational damage, and potential regulatory penalties under GDPR if personal data is compromised. Given the medium CVSS score but ease of exploitation, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to pivot into deeper network segments if the affected system is connected to internal networks. The impact is more pronounced for organizations relying heavily on this specific e-commerce solution without additional security controls or timely patching. Since the vulnerability affects a specific product version, organizations using updated or different e-commerce platforms are not impacted. The lack of known active exploits reduces immediate risk but the public disclosure increases the likelihood of future exploitation attempts.

Apply vendor patches or updates as soon as they become available for the Online Eyewear Shop application to fix the SQL Injection vulnerability. If patches are not yet available, implement web application firewall (WAF) rules specifically targeting SQL Injection patterns on the 'ID' parameter in the delete_cart function to block malicious payloads. Conduct thorough input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent injection attacks. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary, ensuring the application database user cannot perform destructive operations beyond its scope. Perform regular security assessments and code reviews on custom or third-party e-commerce applications to identify and remediate injection flaws early. Monitor application logs and database logs for unusual query patterns or repeated failed attempts targeting the delete_cart functionality. Segment the e-commerce application servers from critical internal networks to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. Educate developers and administrators on secure coding practices and the risks of SQL Injection vulnerabilities.