CVE-2025-4183 is a critical buffer overflow vulnerability identified in PCMan FTP Server version 2.0.7, specifically within the RECV Command Handler component. This vulnerability arises due to improper handling of input data, allowing an attacker to send specially crafted commands to the FTP server that overflow a buffer in memory. The overflow can corrupt adjacent memory, potentially enabling remote code execution or causing a denial of service. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring any authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, categorized as medium severity, reflecting the ease of exploitation (network attack vector, low attack complexity) but limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (each rated low). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, but public disclosure of the exploit code increases the likelihood of future attacks. The vulnerability affects only version 2.0.7 of PCMan FTP Server, a product used for file transfer services. Since FTP servers are often exposed to the internet and handle sensitive data transfers, exploitation could lead to unauthorized access, data corruption, or service disruption. However, the lack of privilege requirements and user interaction reduces the attack complexity. The absence of patches or vendor advisories at this time necessitates immediate attention from administrators using this software version.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-4183 could be significant, especially for those relying on PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7 for file transfer operations. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized remote code execution, allowing attackers to compromise the affected server, access sensitive files, or disrupt services. This could affect sectors such as finance, manufacturing, and government agencies that use FTP for internal or external data exchange. Given the medium CVSS score, the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data could be moderately impacted. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without authentication makes it a viable vector for attackers to gain initial footholds in networks. European organizations with legacy systems or insufficient network segmentation may be particularly vulnerable. Additionally, the public availability of exploit code increases the risk of opportunistic attacks, including ransomware or espionage campaigns targeting critical infrastructure or intellectual property. The threat is exacerbated by the common practice of FTP servers being exposed to the internet without adequate protective controls.

1. Immediate upgrade or patching: Although no official patch is currently available, organizations should monitor PCMan vendor communications for updates and apply patches promptly once released. 2. Network-level controls: Restrict access to the FTP server using firewalls or VPNs to limit exposure to trusted IP addresses only. 3. Disable or replace: Consider disabling the PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7 service if not essential, or replace it with a more secure, actively maintained FTP server solution. 4. Intrusion detection and prevention: Deploy IDS/IPS signatures to detect anomalous FTP commands or buffer overflow attempts targeting the RECV Command Handler. 5. Logging and monitoring: Enable detailed logging on FTP servers and monitor for unusual activity indicative of exploitation attempts. 6. Segmentation: Isolate FTP servers from critical internal networks to contain potential breaches. 7. Incident response readiness: Prepare for potential exploitation by having response plans and backups in place. 8. User education: Inform administrators about the risks of running outdated FTP software and encourage timely updates.