CVE-2025-4185 is a path traversal vulnerability identified in the Wangshen SecGate 3600 device, specifically in the 2024 version of the product. The vulnerability arises from improper validation or sanitization of the 'file_name' argument in the processing of the file parameter '?g=obj_area_export_save'. An attacker can manipulate this parameter to traverse directories on the underlying file system, potentially accessing files outside the intended directory scope. This type of vulnerability can allow unauthorized reading of sensitive files, which may include configuration files, credentials, or other critical data stored on the device. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction, but it does require some level of privileges (as indicated by the CVSS vector's PR:L, meaning low privileges are needed). The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3, categorized as medium severity, reflecting limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (each rated low impact). The attack complexity is low, and no authentication is required, which increases the risk of exploitation. However, there are no known exploits currently observed in the wild, and no official patches or mitigation links have been published yet. The vulnerability does not affect system confidentiality, integrity, or availability to a critical extent but still poses a risk of unauthorized file access that could lead to further exploitation or information disclosure. Wangshen SecGate 3600 is a network security appliance, likely used in enterprise environments for perimeter defense, VPN, or firewall functions, making it a valuable target for attackers seeking to gain footholds or extract sensitive network information.

For European organizations, the exploitation of CVE-2025-4185 could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive internal files stored on Wangshen SecGate 3600 devices. This could include configuration files, security policies, or credentials, potentially enabling attackers to escalate privileges or move laterally within the network. Given the device's role in network security, compromise could undermine perimeter defenses, leading to broader network infiltration. The medium severity rating suggests that while the immediate impact on system availability or integrity is limited, the confidentiality breach could have significant consequences, especially for organizations handling sensitive or regulated data (e.g., financial institutions, healthcare providers, or critical infrastructure operators). Additionally, the lack of user interaction and remote exploitability increases the risk of automated scanning and exploitation attempts. European organizations relying on Wangshen SecGate 3600 for network security may face increased risk of targeted attacks or opportunistic exploitation, potentially resulting in data breaches, regulatory non-compliance, and reputational damage.

Immediately audit all Wangshen SecGate 3600 devices running the 2024 version to identify exposure to the vulnerable '?g=obj_area_export_save' parameter. Implement strict network segmentation and access controls to limit remote access to management interfaces of SecGate 3600 devices, ideally restricting access to trusted IP addresses or VPN-only connections. Monitor network traffic and device logs for unusual requests targeting the 'file_name' parameter or attempts to access unexpected file paths, enabling early detection of exploitation attempts. If possible, disable or restrict the functionality related to 'obj_area_export_save' until a vendor patch is available. Engage with Wangshen support or vendor channels to obtain official patches or workarounds as soon as they are released. Conduct regular vulnerability scans and penetration tests focused on network security appliances to identify similar path traversal or input validation issues. Educate network administrators about the risks of path traversal vulnerabilities and the importance of applying principle of least privilege to device management accounts.