CVE-2025-4192 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the itsourcecode Restaurant Management System, specifically within the /admin/category_save.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Category' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands into the backend database. Exploiting this vulnerability could enable attackers to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or deletion. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction or authentication, making it remotely exploitable over the network with low attack complexity. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, indicating a medium severity level, with network attack vector, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated as low individually, but combined they can still result in significant compromise depending on the database content and system configuration. Although no public exploit is currently known to be actively used in the wild, the vulnerability details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation by opportunistic attackers. The lack of available patches or mitigation information from the vendor further exacerbates the risk for organizations using this software. Given that this is a restaurant management system, the backend database likely contains sensitive business data such as menu categories, pricing, and potentially customer information, which could be exposed or altered by an attacker.

For European organizations using the itsourcecode Restaurant Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of their business data. Attackers could extract sensitive information such as menu configurations, pricing strategies, or customer data if stored in the database, potentially leading to financial loss or reputational damage. Data integrity could be compromised by unauthorized modification or deletion of category data, disrupting restaurant operations and causing service outages. Although the availability impact is rated low, a successful attack could indirectly affect availability if database corruption occurs. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without authentication increases the attack surface, especially for restaurants with internet-facing administrative interfaces. This risk is heightened in European countries with a high density of small to medium-sized restaurants that may rely on this or similar management systems without robust cybersecurity measures. Additionally, compliance with GDPR mandates protection of personal data, and a breach resulting from this vulnerability could lead to regulatory penalties and loss of customer trust.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting network access to the /admin/category_save.php endpoint by implementing IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure to trusted personnel only. 2. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'Category' parameter. 3. Conduct a thorough code review and implement parameterized queries or prepared statements in the affected code to eliminate SQL injection vectors. 4. If source code modification is not immediately feasible, consider deploying runtime application self-protection (RASP) solutions to monitor and block malicious SQL queries dynamically. 5. Regularly audit database logs for suspicious query patterns indicative of injection attempts. 6. Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop patches and update the software to a secure version once available. 7. Educate administrative users on the risks of exposing administrative interfaces publicly and enforce strong authentication and access controls where possible. 8. Implement comprehensive backup and recovery procedures to restore data integrity in case of compromise.