CVE-2025-42886 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in SAP Business Connector (SAP BC) version 4.8. This vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of user-supplied input during web page generation, categorized under CWE-79. An unauthenticated attacker can craft a malicious URL containing injected script code. When an authenticated user clicks this link, the SAP BC processes the injected input without proper sanitization, causing the malicious script to execute within the victim’s browser context. This execution can lead to unauthorized access or modification of information accessible within the browser session, compromising confidentiality and integrity of data. The vulnerability does not impact system availability. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.1, reflecting network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), but requiring user interaction (UI:R), and a scope change (S:C) indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially vulnerable component. No patches or fixes have been published at the time of disclosure, and no known exploits are reported in the wild. This vulnerability is significant because SAP Business Connector is widely used for integrating SAP systems with external applications, and exploitation could lead to session hijacking, data theft, or unauthorized actions performed in the context of the authenticated user.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to confidentiality and integrity of sensitive business data accessed via SAP Business Connector. Attackers exploiting this flaw could steal session tokens, manipulate displayed data, or perform unauthorized actions within the victim’s session. This is particularly concerning for industries relying heavily on SAP systems such as manufacturing, finance, utilities, and public sector entities. The lack of required authentication lowers the barrier for attackers to attempt exploitation, although user interaction is necessary. While availability is not directly impacted, the breach of confidentiality or integrity could lead to regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, financial losses, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. Organizations with remote or mobile users are at increased risk due to the ease of delivering malicious links via email or messaging platforms. The absence of known exploits suggests a window of opportunity for proactive defense, but also the potential for future exploitation once details become widespread.

1. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-controllable inputs processed by SAP Business Connector to prevent injection of malicious scripts. 2. Deploy Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers accessing SAP BC interfaces. 3. Educate users to avoid clicking on suspicious or unsolicited links, especially those purporting to be related to SAP systems. 4. Monitor web server and application logs for unusual URL patterns or repeated access attempts with suspicious parameters. 5. Restrict access to SAP Business Connector interfaces to trusted networks or VPNs where feasible to reduce exposure. 6. Apply web application firewalls (WAF) with rules targeting reflected XSS attack patterns specific to SAP BC. 7. Engage with SAP support channels to obtain patches or official guidance once available and plan timely deployment. 8. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on SAP BC web interfaces to detect residual or related vulnerabilities. 9. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) for SAP user accounts to reduce impact if session tokens are compromised. 10. Maintain up-to-date inventory of SAP BC deployments and versions to ensure rapid identification of affected systems.