CVE-2025-42909VulnerabilityPublished 14 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-42909: SAP Cloud Appliance Library Appliances · Sensitive Cookie Without HttpOnly Flag

Affects SAP Cloud Appliance Library AppliancesSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 3.0 Low.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

3.0Low

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 15% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: High
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: None
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: None
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: High: A successful attack depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. That is, a successful attack cannot be accomplished at will, but requires the attacker to invest in some measurable amount of effort in preparation or execution against the vulnerable component before a successful attack can be expected. For example, a successful attack may require an attacker to: gather knowledge about the environment in which the vulnerable target/component exists; prepare the target environment to improve exploit reliability; or inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim in order to read and/or modify network communications (e.g., a man in the middle attack).
Privileges Required: High: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable component that could affect component-wide settings and files.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 14 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

AI-suggested

European organizations should immediately audit their SAP CAL appliance configurations, focusing on the S/4HANA default profile settings related to cookie security. Specifically, ensure that all sensitive cookies have the HttpOnly flag set to prevent client-side script access. Where possible, apply custom profile parameters or security patches from SAP once available. Limit high-privilege access strictly to trusted administrators and monitor for unusual lateral movement between appliances. Implement network segmentation to isolate SAP CAL appliances and reduce the risk of cross-appliance compromise. Regularly review SAP security notes and advisories for updates on this vulnerability. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious cookie-related activities. Finally, conduct internal penetration testing to verify that cookie attributes are correctly configured and that no unauthorized access paths exist between appliances.

Description

CVE-2025-42909 is a low-severity vulnerability in SAP Cloud Appliance Library Appliances, specifically affecting the TITANIUM_WEBAPP 4.0 version. It involves a sensitive cookie lacking the HttpOnly flag due to an insecure default profile setting in S/4HANA appliances. An attacker with high privileges on one appliance could potentially access other appliances by exploiting this cookie vulnerability. The impact on confidentiality is low, and there is no impact on integrity or availability. Exploitation requires network access, high privileges, and no user interaction. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild. European organizations using SAP CAL appliances should review and harden their cookie security settings to mitigate risk. Countries with significant SAP enterprise deployments and critical infrastructure relying on SAP systems are more likely to be affected.

Impact

For European organizations, the primary impact is a low-level confidentiality risk where an attacker with already high privileges on one SAP CAL appliance could access sensitive cookies and potentially move laterally to other appliances. Although integrity and availability are not affected, unauthorized access to multiple appliances could lead to broader exposure of sensitive business data or configurations. Organizations using SAP S/4HANA via SAP CAL in multi-appliance deployments are at risk, particularly if they rely on default profile settings without additional hardening. The vulnerability could facilitate insider threats or compromise escalation scenarios. Given SAP's widespread use in European enterprises, especially in manufacturing, finance, and public sectors, even low-severity vulnerabilities warrant attention to prevent chained attacks. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the need for proactive mitigation.

CWE-1004Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag (opens in a new tab)
Variant weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumOWASP Top 10 A02:2025: Security Misconfiguration (opens in a new tab)
The product uses a cookie to store sensitive information, but the cookie is not marked with the HttpOnly flag.
Implementation
Leverage the HttpOnly flag when setting a sensitive cookie in a response.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Cross-Site Request Forgery Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Session Management (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V3.4.2 (opens in a new tab)
V8.3.8 (opens in a new tab)
V13.4.2 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 21 Oct 2025, 11:58 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-1004

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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