VulnerabilityPublished 11 Nov 2025Updated 12 Nov 2025

CVE-2025-42940: SAP CommonCryptoLib · Out-of-bounds Write

Affects SAP CommonCryptoLibSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.5 High.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 14:05 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.5High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 39% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: None
Availability: High

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: High: There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 11 Nov 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

AI-suggested

Apply SAP vendor patches or updates for CommonCryptoLib CRYPTOLIB 8 as soon as they become available to address the boundary check flaw.
Implement network-level controls such as firewalls and intrusion prevention systems to restrict access to SAP CommonCryptoLib interfaces, limiting exposure to trusted internal networks or VPNs.
Conduct regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing focused on SAP environments to detect unpatched instances and potential attack vectors.
Monitor network traffic for anomalous ASN.1 data patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts.
Employ SAP security best practices, including minimizing the attack surface by disabling unnecessary services and interfaces.
Establish incident response plans specific to SAP service disruptions to ensure rapid recovery in case of denial-of-service events.
Collaborate with SAP support and security advisories to stay informed about updates and emerging threats related to this vulnerability.

Description

SAP CommonCryptoLib does not perform necessary boundary checks during pre-authentication parsing of manipulated ASN.1 data over the network. This may result in memory corruption followed by an application crash, hence leading to a high impact on availability. There is no impact on confidentiality or integrity.

Impact

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-42940 is on availability, as successful exploitation results in application crashes and denial-of-service conditions. This can disrupt business-critical SAP services, affecting enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply chain management, and financial operations. Given SAP’s extensive use across Europe, especially in manufacturing, automotive, finance, and public sectors, downtime could lead to significant operational and economic consequences. There is no direct risk to data confidentiality or integrity, but service interruptions could indirectly affect business continuity and compliance with regulatory requirements such as GDPR if service outages impede timely data processing or reporting. The vulnerability’s remote exploitability without authentication increases the risk of widespread attacks, particularly if attackers scan for exposed SAP CommonCryptoLib interfaces. Organizations with internet-facing SAP components or insufficient network segmentation are at higher risk. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate threat levels, but the vulnerability’s characteristics warrant proactive mitigation to prevent future exploitation attempts.

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #5
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Requirements · Language Selection
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Operation · Build and Compilation · Environment Hardening
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index…
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 18 Nov 2025, 05:43 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-787

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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