CVE-2025-4298 is a critical buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda AC1206 wireless router firmware versions up to 15.03.06.23. The flaw exists in the formSetCfm function within the /goform/setcfm endpoint. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to send specially crafted requests to the affected router, triggering a buffer overflow condition. Such a condition can lead to arbitrary code execution or cause the device to crash, potentially resulting in denial of service. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring user interaction or prior authentication, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 8.7, indicating a high severity level, with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. The impact metrics indicate high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts, meaning an attacker could fully compromise the device, intercept or manipulate network traffic, or disrupt network services. Although no public exploits are currently known to be actively used in the wild, the disclosure of the vulnerability and availability of technical details raise the risk of imminent exploitation. The Tenda AC1206 is a popular consumer-grade router, often deployed in small office and home office environments, which may lack robust security monitoring and patch management. This increases the likelihood of vulnerable devices remaining unpatched and exposed to attackers. The vulnerability's presence in a widely deployed network device makes it a significant threat vector for network intrusion and lateral movement within affected environments.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office users who rely on Tenda AC1206 routers for internet connectivity. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to gain control over the router, enabling interception of sensitive communications, insertion of malicious payloads into network traffic, or disruption of internet access. This can lead to data breaches, espionage, or operational downtime. Given the router's role as a network gateway, compromise could facilitate further attacks on internal systems, undermining organizational security. Additionally, the lack of authentication and user interaction requirements lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the probability of automated scanning and exploitation campaigns targeting European IP ranges. The impact is compounded by the potential for attackers to use compromised routers as part of botnets or to pivot into corporate networks, threatening confidentiality, integrity, and availability of critical data and services.

Organizations should immediately identify any Tenda AC1206 devices within their networks and verify the firmware version. Since no official patches or updates are linked in the provided information, organizations should monitor Tenda's official channels for firmware updates addressing this vulnerability. In the interim, network administrators should restrict remote access to router management interfaces by implementing firewall rules that limit access to trusted IP addresses only. Disabling remote management features where not necessary can reduce exposure. Network segmentation should be employed to isolate vulnerable devices from critical infrastructure. Intrusion detection systems should be tuned to detect anomalous traffic patterns targeting /goform/setcfm endpoints. Additionally, organizations should consider replacing vulnerable devices with more secure alternatives if patching is not feasible. Regular network traffic monitoring and incident response readiness are essential to detect and respond to potential exploitation attempts promptly.