CVE-2025-43253 is a critical security vulnerability identified in Apple macOS, allowing a malicious application to launch arbitrary binaries on a trusted device. The root cause is inadequate input validation (classified under CWE-20), which permits an attacker to bypass normal security controls and execute unauthorized code. This vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to Sequoia 15.6 and Sonoma 14.7.7, where Apple has implemented improved input validation to address the issue. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 9.8, reflecting the vulnerability's high severity, with attack vector being network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction needed (UI:N), and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). This means an attacker can remotely exploit the vulnerability without any authentication or user action, potentially gaining full control over the affected system. Although no exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the vulnerability's characteristics make it a prime target for attackers aiming to compromise macOS devices. The ability to launch arbitrary binaries could enable execution of malware, data exfiltration, or disruption of system operations. Given the widespread use of macOS in enterprise and government environments, this vulnerability poses a significant threat to organizations relying on Apple devices. The fix involves updating to the patched macOS versions where input validation has been strengthened to prevent arbitrary binary execution.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-43253 is substantial. The ability for a malicious app to launch arbitrary binaries without user interaction or privileges means attackers can gain persistent and stealthy control over macOS endpoints. This can lead to data breaches, intellectual property theft, ransomware deployment, and disruption of critical services. Sectors such as finance, government, healthcare, and technology, which often use macOS devices, could face operational downtime and reputational damage. The confidentiality of sensitive data is at high risk, as attackers could execute code to access or exfiltrate information. Integrity and availability are also compromised, as attackers may alter system files or disrupt services. The lack of required authentication or user interaction lowers the barrier for exploitation, increasing the likelihood of attacks. European organizations with remote or hybrid workforces using macOS devices are particularly vulnerable, as attackers could exploit this vulnerability over networks. Failure to patch promptly could result in widespread compromise, especially in environments with lax application controls or outdated systems.

To mitigate CVE-2025-43253, European organizations should immediately update all macOS devices to versions Sequoia 15.6 or Sonoma 14.7.7 or later, where the vulnerability is fixed. Organizations should enforce strict application installation policies, limiting installations to trusted sources such as the Apple App Store and verified enterprise apps. Implement application whitelisting to prevent unauthorized binaries from executing. Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring and alerting on unusual process launches or binary executions. Network segmentation can limit the spread of potential compromises. Educate users about the risks of installing untrusted applications and enforce least privilege principles to reduce attack surface. Regularly audit macOS devices for compliance with security policies and ensure timely patch management. Consider deploying runtime protection tools that can detect and block exploitation attempts. Finally, maintain up-to-date backups to enable recovery in case of compromise.