CVE-2025-43300 is a critical security vulnerability identified in Apple’s iOS and iPadOS operating systems, involving an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) triggered by processing maliciously crafted image files. This vulnerability arises due to insufficient bounds checking during image file processing, which can lead to memory corruption. Memory corruption vulnerabilities are particularly dangerous as they can allow attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely without requiring any privileges or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The vulnerability affects unspecified versions of iOS and iPadOS but has been fixed in iOS 15.8.5, iPadOS 15.8.5, iOS 16.7.12, and iPadOS 16.7.12. Apple has reported that this vulnerability may have been exploited in extremely sophisticated attacks targeting specific individuals, suggesting advanced threat actors may be leveraging it for espionage or targeted compromise. The vulnerability’s critical severity (CVSS score 10) reflects its potential to compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected devices. The lack of required user interaction or privileges makes exploitation straightforward once a malicious image is processed, increasing the risk. Although no public exploits are currently known, the presence of targeted attacks underscores the urgency of mitigation. This vulnerability is particularly concerning for environments where iOS and iPadOS devices are widely used and trusted for sensitive communications and operations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-43300 can be severe. The ability to execute arbitrary code remotely without user interaction or privileges means attackers can gain full control over vulnerable devices, potentially accessing sensitive corporate or governmental data, disrupting operations, or deploying further malware. Organizations in sectors such as finance, government, defense, and critical infrastructure are at heightened risk due to the strategic value of their data and systems. The widespread use of Apple devices in Europe, especially in business and government contexts, increases the attack surface. Successful exploitation could lead to data breaches, espionage, operational disruption, and loss of trust. Furthermore, the sophisticated nature of reported attacks suggests that advanced persistent threat (APT) groups may exploit this vulnerability for targeted surveillance or sabotage, raising concerns about national security and corporate espionage. The vulnerability’s ability to compromise device integrity and availability also poses risks to business continuity and regulatory compliance under frameworks like GDPR.

European organizations should prioritize immediate patching of all affected iOS and iPadOS devices to versions 15.8.5, 16.7.12, or later. Beyond patching, organizations should implement strict controls on the handling of image files, especially those received from untrusted or external sources, including email attachments and messaging apps. Deploying advanced endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous memory behavior or exploitation attempts can provide additional defense layers. Network segmentation and limiting device exposure to untrusted networks reduce the risk of remote exploitation. Organizations should also educate users about the risks of opening unsolicited image files and enforce policies restricting installation of unverified applications. Monitoring for indicators of compromise related to this vulnerability and maintaining up-to-date threat intelligence feeds will help detect potential exploitation attempts. Incident response plans should be updated to address potential exploitation scenarios involving this vulnerability. Finally, collaboration with Apple support and security advisories is essential to stay informed about any emerging exploit techniques or patches.