VulnerabilityPublished 4 Nov 2025Updated 2 Apr 2026

CVE-2025-43399: Apple iOS and iPadOS · An app may be able to access protected user data

Affects Apple iOS and iPadOSSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.5 High · fixed in 18.7.2 : patch Apple iOS and iPadOS soon.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 09:15 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.5High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 47% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 18.7.2

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: None
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 4 Nov 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Apple iOS and iPadOS	Affected =0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2025-43399, organizations and users should immediately update affected Apple devices to iOS 18.7.2, iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, or macOS Tahoe 26.1 as applicable. Beyond patching, organizations should implement strict app vetting policies, restricting installation to trusted sources such as the Apple App Store and employing Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions to enforce app installation controls. Monitoring device logs and network traffic for unusual app behavior or data exfiltration attempts can help detect exploitation attempts. Employing data loss prevention (DLP) tools tailored for mobile and macOS environments can provide additional safeguards against unauthorized data access. Educating users about the risks of installing untrusted apps and maintaining up-to-date backups will aid in recovery if a breach occurs. For enterprise environments, segmenting sensitive data access and applying the principle of least privilege on devices can reduce exposure. Finally, staying informed about Apple security advisories and promptly applying future updates is critical to maintaining security posture.

Description

This issue was addressed with improved redaction of sensitive information. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to access protected user data.

Impact

The primary impact of CVE-2025-43399 is the unauthorized disclosure of protected user data, which can lead to privacy violations, identity theft, and leakage of sensitive personal or corporate information. Since the vulnerability does not affect data integrity or system availability, the main concern is confidentiality compromise. Attackers could leverage this flaw to extract sensitive information such as credentials, personal identifiers, or confidential documents from affected devices. For organizations, this could result in data breaches, regulatory non-compliance, reputational damage, and financial losses. Because exploitation requires no privileges or user interaction, the attack surface is broad, increasing the likelihood of exploitation if devices remain unpatched. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Apple devices, including iPhones, iPads, and Macs running the specified OS versions, which are widely used globally in both consumer and enterprise environments. This elevates the risk for sectors handling sensitive data, such as finance, healthcare, government, and technology. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for remediation, but the high severity score indicates urgent patching is necessary to prevent future attacks.

CWE-359Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessOWASP Top 10 A01:2025: Broken Access Control (opens in a new tab)
The product does not properly prevent a person's private, personal information from being accessed by actors who either (1) are not explicitly authorized to access the information or (2) do not have the implicit consent of the person about whom the information is collected.
Requirements
Identify and consult all relevant regulations for personal privacy. An organization may be required to comply with certain federal and state regulations, depending on its location, the type of business it conducts, and the nature of any private data it handles.
Architecture and Design
Carefully evaluate how secure design may interfere with privacy, and vice versa. Security and privacy concerns often seem to compete with each other. From a security perspective, all important operations should be recorded so that any anomalous activity can later be identified.
Implementation · Operation · Attack Surface Reduction
Some tools can automatically analyze documents to redact, strip, or "sanitize" private information, although some human review might be necessary. Tools may vary in terms of which document formats can be processed.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Error Handling (opens in a new tab)
Authorization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V10.2.1 (opens in a new tab)
V8.3.4 (opens in a new tab)
V14.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Evercookie (opens in a new tab)
Cross Site Identification (opens in a new tab)
Probe iOS Screenshots (opens in a new tab)
Shoulder Surfing (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 3 Apr 2026, 02:14 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-359

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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