VulnerabilityPublished 17 Jun 2025

CVE-2025-4365: NetScaler Console · Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input

Affects NetScaler ConsoleSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 10:12 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 9.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 95% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector: Adjacent
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: High
Vulnerable system integrity: None
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Adjacent: The vulnerable system is bound to a protocol stack, but the attack is limited at the protocol level to a logically adjacent topology. This can mean an attack must be launched from the same shared proximity (e.g., Bluetooth, NFC, or IEEE 802.11) or logical network (e.g., local IP subnet), or from within a secure or otherwise limited administrative domain (e.g., MPLS, secure VPN within an administrative network zone).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: High: There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all information within the Vulnerable System being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.
Vulnerable system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 17 Jun 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
NetScaler Console	Affected =14.1 =13.1	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Immediate network-level controls: Restrict access to NetScaler Console and SDX management interfaces to trusted administrative networks only, using firewalls and VPNs to prevent unauthorized network access.
Implement strict network segmentation: Isolate management interfaces from general user networks and the internet to reduce exposure.
Monitor and log access: Enable detailed logging and monitoring of all access to NetScaler management interfaces to detect suspicious activity indicative of exploitation attempts.
Apply principle of least privilege: Limit user accounts with access to the NetScaler Console to only those necessary, and review permissions regularly.
Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) where possible on management interfaces to add an additional layer of security, even though this vulnerability does not require authentication.
Stay updated on vendor advisories: Since no patches are currently available, closely monitor Citrix security bulletins for forthcoming patches or mitigations and apply them promptly.
Conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing focused on management interfaces to identify potential exploitation attempts.
Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) with signatures or heuristics that can detect anomalous file read attempts targeting NetScaler consoles.
Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid response and incident handling if exploitation is suspected.

Description

Arbitrary file read in NetScaler Console and NetScaler SDX (SVM)

Impact

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of sensitive data managed or accessible through NetScaler Console and SDX systems. Since these products are widely deployed in enterprise networks to manage application delivery and remote access, an attacker exploiting this vulnerability could read arbitrary files, potentially exposing configuration files, credentials, or other sensitive information. This could lead to further compromise of the network, lateral movement, or data breaches. The lack of required user interaction and authentication lowers the barrier for exploitation, especially in environments where network segmentation is weak or where management interfaces are exposed. Given the critical role of NetScaler in many financial institutions, government agencies, and large enterprises across Europe, the vulnerability could impact sectors with high-value data and critical infrastructure. The medium severity rating suggests that while the vulnerability is serious, it does not directly allow code execution or denial of service, limiting the scope to information disclosure. However, the high confidentiality impact means that the data exposed could be highly sensitive, increasing the potential damage. Organizations relying on NetScaler for secure remote access may face increased risk of espionage or data leakage if this vulnerability is exploited.

CWE-1284Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product receives input that is expected to specify a quantity (such as size or length), but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the quantity has the required properties.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

support.citrix.com/support-home/kbsearch/article?articleNumber=CTX694729 (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 17 Jun 2025, 13:05 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-1284

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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