CVE-2025-43823 is an XSS vulnerability categorized under CWE-79, found in the Commerce Search Result widget of Liferay Portal versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.111 and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4 and 2023.Q3 editions before certain patches. The flaw arises from improper neutralization of input during web page generation, specifically allowing untrusted input in the Commerce Product Name field to be rendered without adequate sanitization or encoding. This enables remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTML or JavaScript payloads that execute in the context of users viewing the affected widget. The vulnerability requires no authentication but does require a victim to interact with the maliciously crafted content to trigger the script execution. The CVSS 4.0 score of 4.8 reflects a medium severity, considering the network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, but user interaction needed and limited impact on confidentiality and integrity. While no public exploits are known, the vulnerability could be leveraged for session hijacking, phishing, or defacement attacks, potentially compromising user data or trust. The issue affects organizations using Liferay Portal for e-commerce or content management, particularly those displaying product names dynamically in the Commerce Search Result widget.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to web applications built on affected Liferay Portal versions that utilize the Commerce Search Result widget. Exploitation could lead to theft of user session cookies, enabling account takeover, unauthorized actions, or data exposure. It may also facilitate phishing attacks by injecting deceptive content or redirecting users to malicious sites, undermining customer trust and brand reputation. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise backend systems or data integrity, the potential for user-targeted attacks can disrupt business operations and lead to regulatory scrutiny under GDPR if personal data is exposed. E-commerce platforms and public-facing portals are particularly at risk, as attackers could exploit the vulnerability to target customers or employees. The medium severity suggests a moderate but non-negligible impact, especially for organizations with high web traffic or sensitive user data.

Organizations should immediately identify and inventory all Liferay Portal and DXP instances running affected versions. Applying vendor-supplied patches as soon as they become available is the most effective mitigation. In the absence of patches, implement strict input validation and output encoding on the Commerce Product Name field to neutralize potentially malicious scripts. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Regularly audit and monitor web application logs for unusual input patterns or script injection attempts. Educate users about the risks of interacting with suspicious links or content. Additionally, consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tailored to detect and block XSS payloads targeting Liferay-specific parameters. Finally, conduct penetration testing focused on XSS vectors in the affected widget to verify the effectiveness of mitigations.