CVE-2025-44182 is a Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the Phpgurukul Vehicle Record Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/edit-vehicle.php component, specifically in the handling of multiple input fields: vehiclename, modelnumber, regnumber, vehiclesubtype, chasisnum, and enginenumber. These fields do not properly sanitize or encode user-supplied input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious scripts that execute arbitrary code within the context of the victim's browser session. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-79, which is a common web application security weakness. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.1, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) shows that the attack can be performed remotely over the network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges but does require user interaction (UI:R), and has a scope change (S:C) meaning the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially vulnerable component. The impact affects confidentiality and integrity partially, but not availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of an authenticated admin user, potentially leading to session hijacking, unauthorized actions, or data theft within the vehicle management system.

For European organizations using the Phpgurukul Vehicle Record Management System v1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of vehicle records and administrative data. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to hijack admin sessions, manipulate vehicle data, or inject malicious payloads that compromise internal systems. Given that vehicle record management systems often contain sensitive registration and ownership information, unauthorized access or tampering could lead to privacy violations, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR), and operational disruptions. Furthermore, if the system interfaces with other critical infrastructure or law enforcement databases, the impact could cascade, affecting broader organizational security. The requirement for user interaction (an admin clicking a crafted link or visiting a malicious page) means social engineering could be leveraged, increasing the risk in environments where admins are not trained to recognize phishing attempts. The scope change in the CVSS vector indicates that the vulnerability could affect other components or data beyond the immediate input fields, potentially amplifying the damage.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Immediately apply input validation and output encoding on all affected fields (vehiclename, modelnumber, regnumber, vehiclesubtype, chasisnum, enginenumber) within the /admin/edit-vehicle.php component to neutralize malicious scripts. Use context-appropriate encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to prevent script execution. 2) Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in the admin interface. 3) Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize and avoid phishing or social engineering attempts that could trigger the vulnerability. 4) Monitor web application logs for unusual input patterns or admin activity that could indicate exploitation attempts. 5) If possible, isolate the vehicle management system within a segmented network zone with strict access controls to limit exposure. 6) Engage with the vendor or developer community to obtain or develop patches and apply them promptly once available. 7) Consider implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) for admin access to reduce the risk of session hijacking consequences. 8) Regularly perform security testing, including automated scanning and manual penetration testing focused on XSS and input validation issues.