CVE-2025-4554 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Apartment Visitors Management System. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/bwdates-passreports-details.php file, specifically through the manipulation of the 'fromdate' and 'todate' parameters. These parameters are used to filter or query visitor data, and due to insufficient input validation or sanitization, an attacker can inject malicious SQL code. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the backend database without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9, indicating a medium severity level. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity and no privileges or user interaction needed, but the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited to low levels, likely due to partial or constrained access to data or limited database control. The vulnerability could allow attackers to extract sensitive visitor information, modify records, or disrupt the application's normal operation, potentially leading to data breaches or service interruptions.

For European organizations using the PHPGurukul Apartment Visitors Management System, this vulnerability poses a risk to the confidentiality and integrity of visitor data, which may include personally identifiable information (PII). Exploitation could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, data tampering, or denial of service conditions affecting visitor management operations. Given the critical nature of visitor logs in residential or commercial apartment complexes, such disruptions could impact security monitoring and access control processes. Additionally, exposure of PII could lead to violations of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), resulting in legal and financial penalties. The medium severity score suggests that while the vulnerability is exploitable remotely without authentication, the overall impact might be limited by the scope of data accessible or the application's deployment scale. However, organizations relying on this system should consider the risk of targeted attacks aiming to compromise building security or resident privacy.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately apply any available patches or updates from PHPGurukul once released. In the absence of official patches, administrators should implement input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the affected PHP scripts to prevent SQL injection. Specifically, sanitizing and validating the 'fromdate' and 'todate' parameters to accept only valid date formats can reduce risk. Employing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting these parameters can provide an additional layer of defense. Regular security audits and code reviews of custom or third-party PHP applications should be conducted to identify similar injection points. Monitoring logs for unusual query patterns or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint can help detect exploitation attempts early. Finally, restricting access to the /admin directory to trusted IP addresses or via VPN can reduce exposure to remote attackers.