CVE-2025-45542 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability identified in the registrationform endpoint of the CloudClassroom-PHP-Project version 1.0. The vulnerability arises due to improper input validation of the 'pass' parameter, which allows an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL queries. This flaw is classified under CWE-89, indicating it is a classic SQL injection issue. Exploiting this vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, and the attack vector is network-based (remote). Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to the backend database, enabling attackers to read, modify, or delete sensitive data, potentially compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.3, reflecting the high impact and ease of exploitation. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature and lack of input validation make it a significant risk if left unpatched. The absence of vendor or product details beyond the project name limits precise identification of affected deployments, but the vulnerability is specifically tied to the registration form's password parameter, a critical component in user authentication workflows.

For European organizations using the CloudClassroom-PHP-Project or similar PHP-based educational platforms, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, including user credentials and personal information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Integrity of user data and system configurations could be compromised, potentially allowing attackers to create or escalate privileges, disrupt educational services, or manipulate records. Availability could also be affected if attackers execute destructive SQL commands or cause database corruption. The reputational damage and regulatory penalties resulting from such breaches could be severe. Given the educational sector's increasing reliance on digital platforms, this vulnerability could disrupt learning continuity and erode trust in digital education solutions across Europe.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately implement strict input validation and sanitization on the 'pass' parameter in the registrationform endpoint. Employing parameterized queries or prepared statements is critical to prevent SQL injection. Code audits should be conducted to identify and remediate similar injection points. If available, applying official patches or updates from the CloudClassroom-PHP-Project maintainers is recommended. In the absence of patches, deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with SQL injection detection rules can provide temporary protection. Additionally, monitoring database logs for suspicious queries and implementing least privilege principles on database accounts can limit potential damage. Regular security training for developers on secure coding practices and periodic penetration testing of web applications will help prevent recurrence.