CVE-2025-45608 is a high-severity vulnerability identified in the /system/user/findUserList API of the Xinguan software version 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT. The vulnerability stems from incorrect access control mechanisms, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to send crafted payloads to this API endpoint and retrieve sensitive user information without proper authorization. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), indicating that the system fails to restrict access to resources appropriately. According to the CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), the attack can be performed remotely over the network without any privileges or user interaction, and it results in a complete confidentiality breach of sensitive data, while integrity and availability remain unaffected. No patches or fixes are currently available, and there are no known exploits in the wild at this time. The vulnerability was reserved on April 22, 2025, and published on May 5, 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. The lack of detailed vendor or product information limits the ability to identify the full scope of affected systems, but the presence of an API endpoint suggests this vulnerability targets web-based applications or services that use the Xinguan platform or software component. Attackers exploiting this flaw could harvest sensitive user data, potentially leading to privacy violations, identity theft, or further targeted attacks leveraging the exposed information.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially for those using the Xinguan platform or related software components in their IT infrastructure. The unauthorized disclosure of sensitive user information could lead to violations of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), resulting in substantial fines and reputational damage. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and telecommunications, which often handle sensitive personal or customer data, would be particularly at risk. The breach of confidentiality could facilitate further attacks, including social engineering, phishing, or credential stuffing, thereby amplifying the threat landscape. Additionally, the public exposure of such vulnerabilities could erode trust among customers and partners. The fact that exploitation requires no authentication or user interaction increases the risk of automated scanning and mass exploitation attempts, potentially affecting a broad range of organizations across Europe if the software is widely deployed.

Given the absence of an official patch, European organizations should implement immediate compensating controls to mitigate the risk. These include restricting network access to the vulnerable API endpoint through firewall rules or web application firewalls (WAFs), allowing only trusted IP addresses or internal networks to communicate with the service. Organizations should conduct thorough audits and inventories to identify any deployments of the Xinguan platform or related components and monitor API traffic for unusual or unauthorized access patterns. Implementing strict authentication and authorization mechanisms around the /system/user/findUserList API is critical; if possible, disable or restrict this API until a patch is available. Logging and alerting should be enhanced to detect exploitation attempts promptly. Organizations should also prepare incident response plans tailored to potential data breaches stemming from this vulnerability. Finally, maintaining close communication with the vendor or software maintainers for updates and patches is essential to ensure timely remediation once available.