CVE-2025-45614 is a high-severity vulnerability characterized by incorrect access control in the /api/user/manager component of a software product referred to as 'One' version 1.0. This vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access sensitive information by sending a crafted payload to the vulnerable API endpoint. The issue is classified under CWE-284, which pertains to improper access control mechanisms. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 reflects a high impact primarily on confidentiality, with no impact on integrity or availability. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N), making exploitation relatively straightforward for attackers with network access. The scope remains unchanged (S:U), indicating the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component and does not propagate to other components or systems. No patches or vendor information are currently available, and there are no known exploits in the wild at this time. The vulnerability was reserved and published in April and May 2025 respectively, with enrichment from CISA, indicating recognition by authoritative cybersecurity entities. The lack of product and vendor details limits precise identification of affected systems but suggests the vulnerability resides in a web-based API service component, which is commonly used in enterprise applications for user management.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of sensitive user data managed by the affected API. Unauthorized access could lead to exposure of personal identifiable information (PII), user credentials, or other sensitive business data, potentially violating GDPR and other privacy regulations. The ease of exploitation without authentication or user interaction increases the risk of automated or targeted attacks. Organizations relying on the affected 'One' software or similar API-based user management systems may face data breaches, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties. Given the high connectivity and digitalization of European enterprises, especially in sectors like finance, healthcare, and public administration, the impact could be substantial if exploited. The absence of patches necessitates immediate risk management and mitigation to prevent exploitation. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a foothold for further attacks if combined with other vulnerabilities or social engineering tactics.

Since no patches are currently available, European organizations should implement compensating controls to mitigate the risk. These include: 1) Restricting network access to the /api/user/manager endpoint using firewall rules or API gateways to limit exposure to trusted internal networks or VPNs only. 2) Implementing strict authentication and authorization checks at the API gateway or application layer to enforce least privilege access, even if the underlying component is vulnerable. 3) Monitoring and logging all access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint for unusual or unauthorized activity, enabling rapid detection and response. 4) Conducting thorough code reviews and penetration testing on the affected API to identify and remediate access control weaknesses. 5) Applying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block crafted payloads targeting this vulnerability. 6) Preparing incident response plans specific to potential data breaches stemming from this vulnerability. Organizations should also maintain close communication with the software vendor or community for timely patch releases and updates.