CVE-2025-45767 identifies a vulnerability in the jose library version 6.0.10, specifically related to the use of weak encryption algorithms or implementations. The jose library is commonly used for JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) standards, which include JWT (JSON Web Tokens), JWE (JSON Web Encryption), and JWS (JSON Web Signature). Weak encryption in such a library can undermine the confidentiality and integrity of data protected by these mechanisms. Although the exact nature of the weak encryption is not detailed, it typically implies that cryptographic primitives or configurations do not meet current security standards, potentially allowing attackers to decrypt sensitive information or forge tokens. The vulnerability was reserved in April 2025 and published in August 2025, but no CVSS score or patch information is currently available, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild. The lack of affected version details beyond 6.0.10 suggests that this version is the primary concern. Since jose is widely used in web applications and services for secure token handling, this weakness could be exploited in scenarios where encrypted tokens or signed messages are relied upon for authentication, authorization, or data protection.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially for those relying on jose v6.0.10 for secure communications, identity management, or API security. Weak encryption compromises confidentiality, potentially exposing sensitive personal data protected under GDPR, leading to regulatory penalties and reputational damage. Integrity risks could allow attackers to forge tokens or tamper with signed data, enabling unauthorized access or privilege escalation. Availability impact is less direct but could arise if attackers disrupt authentication flows or force organizations to disable affected services. Sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, which handle sensitive personal and financial data, are particularly at risk. The vulnerability could also undermine trust in digital services and complicate compliance with European data protection and cybersecurity regulations.

Organizations should first identify if they use jose library version 6.0.10 in their software stack, especially in authentication and encryption workflows. Immediate mitigation includes upgrading to a later, patched version of the jose library once available. If no patch exists yet, organizations should consider temporarily disabling or replacing features relying on jose encryption or signing. Reviewing cryptographic configurations to ensure strong algorithms and key lengths are used is critical. Implementing additional layers of security such as multi-factor authentication, anomaly detection on token usage, and strict token expiration policies can reduce exploitation risk. Conducting a thorough security audit of systems using jose tokens and monitoring for unusual access patterns is advised. Coordination with software vendors and developers to prioritize patching and secure coding practices is essential. Finally, organizations should prepare incident response plans for potential token compromise scenarios.