CVE-2025-45854 is a critical security vulnerability identified in JEHC-BPM version 2.0.1, a business process management software developed by JEHc. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-862, which refers to missing authorization. Specifically, the flaw exists in the /server/executeExec endpoint, where the application fails to properly enforce authorization checks before processing requests. This allows unauthenticated attackers to supply arbitrary parameters (execParams) to the endpoint, resulting in the execution of arbitrary code on the affected server. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 10.0, indicating maximum severity, with attack vector being network-based (AV:N), requiring no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and having a scope change (S:C). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), meaning attackers can fully compromise the system, potentially gaining control over the underlying infrastructure. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the ease of exploitation and critical impact make this vulnerability a significant threat. The lack of available patches at the time of publication further exacerbates the risk. Given that the vulnerability allows remote code execution without authentication or user interaction, it poses a severe risk to any organization running the affected JEHC-BPM 2.0.1 version, especially those exposing the service to untrusted networks or the internet.

For European organizations using JEHC-BPM 2.0.1, this vulnerability could lead to complete system compromise, data breaches, and disruption of critical business processes. As JEHC-BPM is a business process management tool, it is likely integrated into enterprise workflows, handling sensitive operational data and possibly interfacing with other internal systems. Exploitation could result in unauthorized data access, manipulation of business workflows, and potential lateral movement within corporate networks. This could lead to financial losses, reputational damage, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations due to data breaches), and operational downtime. The critical nature of the vulnerability means that attackers can exploit it remotely without any authentication, increasing the risk of widespread attacks, especially if the software is exposed to the internet or poorly segmented internal networks. European organizations in sectors such as finance, manufacturing, healthcare, and government, which often rely on BPM solutions, may face heightened risks. Additionally, the absence of patches at the time of disclosure means organizations must rely on mitigation strategies until updates are available.

1. Immediate network-level protections: Restrict access to the /server/executeExec endpoint by implementing strict firewall rules and network segmentation to limit exposure only to trusted internal systems. 2. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious requests targeting execParams or attempts to invoke code execution via this endpoint. 3. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual activity related to the vulnerable endpoint, including unexpected parameter values or spikes in requests. 4. Disable or restrict the use of the /server/executeExec endpoint if possible, or apply application-level access controls to enforce strict authorization until an official patch is released. 5. Engage with the vendor JEHc for timely updates and patches; prioritize patching as soon as a fix becomes available. 6. Conduct thorough security assessments of the BPM environment to identify any signs of compromise or lateral movement. 7. Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid detection and response. 8. Consider deploying intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability.