CVE-2025-45956 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability identified in the manage_damage.php script of the Sourcecodester Computer Laboratory Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability arises due to improper sanitization of the 'id' parameter, which is used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. An authenticated attacker can exploit this flaw by injecting arbitrary SQL commands through the 'id' parameter, enabling unauthorized manipulation of the backend database. The vulnerability requires the attacker to have valid credentials (authentication required) but does not require any user interaction beyond that. Exploitation can lead to full compromise of the database confidentiality, integrity, and availability, including data leakage, data modification, or deletion, and potentially further system compromise if the database is linked to other components. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 reflects the network attack vector, low attack complexity, required privileges, no user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploits are currently known in the wild, and no patches have been released yet. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-89, which covers SQL injection flaws. Given the lack of vendor and product details beyond the Sourcecodester Computer Laboratory Management System v1.0, the scope is limited to deployments of this specific software.

For European organizations using the Sourcecodester Computer Laboratory Management System v1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive laboratory management data, including user information, schedules, and potentially research data. This could result in data breaches violating GDPR regulations, leading to legal and financial penalties. The integrity of laboratory records could be compromised, affecting operational reliability and trustworthiness of data. Availability impacts could disrupt laboratory operations, causing downtime and productivity loss. Since the vulnerability requires authentication, insider threats or compromised credentials increase the risk. Organizations relying on this system for critical academic or research functions may face reputational damage and operational setbacks. The absence of patches necessitates immediate risk mitigation to prevent exploitation.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting access to the affected manage_damage.php functionality to only trusted and necessary users, minimizing the attack surface. 2. Implement strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for the 'id' parameter to prevent SQL injection. 3. Conduct a thorough code review of the entire application to identify and remediate similar injection flaws. 4. Monitor database logs for suspicious queries indicative of injection attempts. 5. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms and consider multi-factor authentication to reduce risk from compromised credentials. 6. If possible, isolate the database server from direct internet access and use network segmentation to limit exposure. 7. Backup critical data regularly to enable recovery in case of data integrity compromise. 8. Engage with the software vendor or community to obtain or develop patches and update the system promptly once available.