CVE-2025-46295 is a critical vulnerability found in Apache Commons Text library versions before 1.10.0, which is embedded within Claris FileMaker Server products prior to version 22.0.4. The vulnerability stems from the interpolation features in the text-substitution API that allow dynamic evaluation of input strings. When applications pass untrusted input into this API, some interpolators can trigger dangerous actions such as executing system commands or accessing external network resources. This behavior can be exploited by remote attackers to achieve remote code execution (RCE) without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-94, which involves improper control over code generation, making it possible for attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code on the affected server. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 9.8, reflecting the critical nature of this flaw with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on December 16, 2025, and has been addressed in FileMaker Server version 22.0.4. Despite no known exploits in the wild at the time of disclosure, the ease of exploitation and severity of impact make this a high-priority issue for organizations using affected versions. The vulnerability's exploitation could lead to complete system compromise, data theft, service disruption, or lateral movement within networks.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-46295 can be severe, especially for those relying on Claris FileMaker Server for critical business applications, data management, or internal workflows. Successful exploitation could lead to full remote code execution on the server, allowing attackers to steal sensitive data, manipulate or delete records, disrupt services, or use the compromised server as a foothold for further attacks within the network. This could affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability of business-critical information. Industries such as finance, healthcare, government, and manufacturing that use FileMaker Server for data-driven applications are particularly at risk. The vulnerability also poses a risk to cloud-hosted deployments and hybrid environments common in Europe, potentially impacting compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations if personal data is exposed or manipulated. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements increases the likelihood of automated exploitation attempts, raising the urgency for mitigation.

European organizations should immediately upgrade Claris FileMaker Server to version 22.0.4 or later, where the vulnerability has been fully addressed. Until patching is complete, restrict network access to FileMaker Server instances by implementing strict firewall rules and network segmentation to limit exposure. Disable or tightly control any features or APIs that utilize Apache Commons Text interpolation, especially those accepting user input. Conduct thorough code reviews and input validation to ensure untrusted data is never passed to vulnerable interpolation functions. Employ runtime application self-protection (RASP) or web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious command injection patterns targeting the text-substitution API. Monitor server logs and network traffic for unusual activities indicative of exploitation attempts. Additionally, implement robust backup and incident response plans to quickly recover from potential compromises. Educate development and operations teams about the risks of unsafe interpolation and secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities.