CVE-2025-46296 is an authorization bypass vulnerability identified in the Claris FileMaker Server Admin Console. This vulnerability allows users assigned administrator roles with minimal privileges to bypass intended access controls and gain unauthorized access to administrative features that should be restricted. Specifically, affected users can view license details and download application logs, which may contain sensitive operational information. The vulnerability arises due to improper enforcement of authorization checks within the Admin Console interface. Exploitation requires network access and a privileged account with minimal admin rights but does not require user interaction, making it relatively straightforward to exploit in environments where such accounts exist. The vulnerability does not permit full administrative control, code execution, or disruption of service but compromises confidentiality and integrity by exposing sensitive administrative data and functions. The issue affects unspecified versions of FileMaker Server prior to 22.0.4, where the vendor has implemented a fix. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.4, reflecting a medium severity level with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N, indicating network attack vector, low complexity, required privileges, no user interaction, unchanged scope, and limited confidentiality and integrity impact without availability impact. No known exploits in the wild have been reported to date. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-285 (Improper Authorization).

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized disclosure of sensitive administrative information such as license details and application logs, which could be leveraged for further attacks or to gain insights into the organization's infrastructure. While it does not allow full administrative control or direct disruption, the exposure of logs and license data can aid attackers in reconnaissance and lateral movement. Organizations in sectors relying on FileMaker Server for critical business applications, including government, finance, healthcare, and manufacturing, may face increased risk if minimal privilege admin accounts are compromised or misused. The breach of confidentiality and integrity could lead to compliance issues under GDPR if personal or sensitive data is indirectly exposed through logs. The medium severity suggests a moderate but non-trivial impact, emphasizing the importance of timely patching and access control hardening to prevent exploitation.

1. Apply the official patch by upgrading FileMaker Server to version 22.0.4 or later, where the vulnerability is fully addressed. 2. Restrict access to the Admin Console strictly to trusted administrators and limit the number of accounts with any administrative privileges, even minimal ones. 3. Implement network-level access controls such as VPNs or IP whitelisting to limit exposure of the Admin Console interface. 4. Regularly audit and review administrator roles and privileges to ensure the principle of least privilege is enforced. 5. Monitor administrative logs and access patterns for unusual activity that could indicate exploitation attempts. 6. Consider additional application-layer controls or web application firewalls to detect and block unauthorized access attempts. 7. Educate administrators about the risks of privilege misuse and enforce strong authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication, for admin accounts.