CVE-2025-46532 is a DOM-based Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the Haris Zulfiqar Tooltip product, affecting versions up to 1.0.1. This vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of input during web page generation, specifically categorized under CWE-79. DOM-based XSS occurs when client-side scripts write user-controllable data to the Document Object Model (DOM) without proper sanitization or encoding, allowing an attacker to inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of the victim's browser. In this case, the Tooltip component fails to adequately sanitize input before rendering it in the DOM, enabling attackers to craft malicious payloads that can execute arbitrary JavaScript code when a user interacts with or views the affected tooltip elements. The vulnerability does not require server-side processing of malicious input, making it exploitable purely through client-side vectors such as crafted URLs or manipulated DOM elements. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially in environments where the Tooltip component is integrated into web applications accessible by multiple users. The lack of an available patch at the time of reporting further increases the urgency for mitigation. The vulnerability was published on April 24, 2025, and has been enriched by CISA, indicating recognition by authoritative cybersecurity entities. The affected product is niche, but given the widespread use of tooltip components in web interfaces, the potential for exploitation exists wherever this specific Tooltip library is deployed.

For European organizations, the impact of this DOM-based XSS vulnerability can be multifaceted. Successful exploitation could lead to session hijacking, credential theft, unauthorized actions performed on behalf of users, and distribution of malware through injected scripts. This can compromise the confidentiality and integrity of user data and potentially disrupt availability if attackers leverage the vulnerability to perform further attacks such as phishing or drive-by downloads. Organizations in sectors with high web interaction, such as e-commerce, finance, healthcare, and government services, are particularly at risk due to the sensitive nature of data handled and regulatory requirements like GDPR. Additionally, the exploitation of this vulnerability could damage organizational reputation and lead to legal liabilities under European data protection laws. Since the vulnerability is client-side and does not require authentication, it can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers targeting any user visiting affected web pages, increasing the attack surface. The absence of known exploits currently suggests a window for proactive defense, but also means organizations should not underestimate the potential for future exploitation once proof-of-concept code becomes available.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing strict Content Security Policy (CSP) headers that restrict the execution of inline scripts and limit sources of executable code to trusted domains, thereby reducing the impact of injected scripts. 2. Sanitize and encode all user inputs and any data rendered by the Tooltip component on the client side using robust libraries designed for DOM sanitization, such as DOMPurify, to prevent malicious script injection. 3. Conduct a thorough audit of all web applications using the Haris Zulfiqar Tooltip library to identify and isolate affected instances. 4. Where feasible, temporarily disable or replace the Tooltip component with a secure alternative until an official patch is released. 5. Educate developers and security teams about secure coding practices related to client-side scripting and DOM manipulation to prevent similar vulnerabilities. 6. Monitor web traffic and logs for unusual activity that may indicate attempted exploitation, including suspicious URL parameters or script execution patterns. 7. Engage with the vendor or open-source community to track patch releases and apply updates promptly once available. 8. Implement multi-factor authentication and session management best practices to mitigate the impact of potential session hijacking resulting from XSS exploitation.