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CVE-2025-46591: CWE-200 Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor in Huawei HarmonyOS

Medium
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-46591cvecve-2025-46591cwe-200
Published: Tue May 06 2025 (05/06/2025, 07:19:18 UTC)
Source: CVE
Vendor/Project: Huawei
Product: HarmonyOS

Description

Out-of-bounds data read vulnerability in the authorization module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.

AI-Powered Analysis

AILast updated: 07/06/2025, 19:10:20 UTC

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-46591 is a medium-severity vulnerability identified in Huawei's HarmonyOS version 5.0.0. It is classified under CWE-200, which corresponds to the Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor. The vulnerability arises from an out-of-bounds data read in the authorization module of the operating system. This flaw allows an attacker to read data beyond the intended memory boundaries, potentially exposing sensitive information that should remain confidential. The CVSS v3.1 score is 6.2, reflecting a medium impact primarily on confidentiality, with no impact on integrity or availability. The attack vector is local (AV:L), meaning the attacker needs local access to the device or system to exploit the vulnerability. The attack complexity is low (AC:L), and no privileges or user interaction are required (PR:N/UI:N). The scope is unchanged (S:U), indicating the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without impacting other components. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability presents a risk of unauthorized data disclosure if exploited. Since the flaw is in the authorization module, it could potentially expose sensitive authorization or authentication data, which could be leveraged for further attacks or privacy violations. The absence of a patch link suggests that a fix may not yet be publicly available, emphasizing the need for vigilance and mitigation by affected users and organizations.

Potential Impact

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-46591 depends largely on their use of Huawei HarmonyOS devices, especially version 5.0.0. Organizations utilizing HarmonyOS in critical environments or for sensitive communications could face confidentiality breaches if the vulnerability is exploited. Exposure of sensitive authorization data could lead to unauthorized access or data leakage, undermining trust and potentially violating data protection regulations such as GDPR. Although the vulnerability requires local access, insider threats or compromised devices could be exploited to extract sensitive information. This risk is particularly relevant for sectors handling sensitive personal data, intellectual property, or critical infrastructure operations. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate risk, but the potential for cascading effects through unauthorized data exposure should not be underestimated. The lack of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits over time.

Mitigation Recommendations

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on restricting physical and local access to devices running HarmonyOS 5.0.0, minimizing the risk of local exploitation. 2. Organizations should monitor Huawei's official security advisories for patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. 3. Implement strict device usage policies, including endpoint security controls and user access management, to reduce insider threat risks. 4. Employ runtime application self-protection (RASP) or endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting anomalous local memory access patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts. 5. Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments on HarmonyOS devices within the organization to identify and remediate potential exposure. 6. Educate users about the risks of unauthorized device access and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to limit unauthorized local access. 7. Where possible, isolate HarmonyOS devices handling sensitive data from less secure network segments to contain potential breaches.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.1
Assigner Short Name
huawei
Date Reserved
2025-04-25T01:15:05.577Z
Cisa Enriched
true
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED

Threat ID: 682d981cc4522896dcbdaa18

Added to database: 5/21/2025, 9:08:44 AM

Last enriched: 7/6/2025, 7:10:20 PM

Last updated: 7/31/2025, 6:22:56 PM

Views: 11

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