CVE-2025-47049 is a DOM-based Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting Adobe Experience Manager (AEM) versions 6.5.22 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when an attacker is able to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM) environment of a victim's browser to execute arbitrary JavaScript code. Unlike traditional reflected or stored XSS, DOM-based XSS occurs entirely on the client side, where malicious scripts are executed as a result of unsafe client-side code that processes user-controllable data within the DOM. Exploitation requires user interaction, specifically that a victim visits a specially crafted web page controlled by the attacker. Once triggered, the malicious script runs in the security context of the vulnerable AEM web application, potentially allowing the attacker to steal sensitive information such as session tokens, cookies, or perform actions on behalf of the user. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.1, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) shows that the attack can be launched remotely over the network without privileges but requires user interaction, and it affects confidentiality and integrity with a scope change, but does not impact availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or mitigation links are provided yet. Given that AEM is widely used for content management and digital experience delivery, this vulnerability could be leveraged to compromise user sessions or inject malicious content, undermining trust and security of affected web portals.

For European organizations using Adobe Experience Manager, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of their web applications and user data. Exploitation could lead to session hijacking, unauthorized actions performed in the context of legitimate users, and potential data leakage. This is particularly critical for organizations handling sensitive personal data under GDPR, as exploitation could result in data breaches with legal and reputational consequences. Additionally, compromised AEM portals could be used to distribute malware or phishing content to end users, amplifying the impact. Since exploitation requires user interaction, social engineering or phishing campaigns targeting employees or customers could be used to trigger the vulnerability. The scope change in the CVSS vector indicates that the vulnerability could affect resources beyond the initially vulnerable component, potentially impacting multiple parts of the web application ecosystem. Overall, this vulnerability could disrupt digital services, erode user trust, and lead to regulatory scrutiny for European entities relying on AEM for their digital presence.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should prioritize the following actions: 1) Monitor Adobe's official security advisories for patches or updates addressing CVE-2025-47049 and apply them promptly once available. 2) Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers with strict script-src directives to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts and reduce the impact of DOM-based XSS. 3) Conduct a thorough review and hardening of client-side code in AEM customizations to ensure proper sanitization and validation of all user-controllable inputs and DOM manipulations. 4) Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block suspicious DOM-based XSS payloads. 5) Educate users and employees about the risks of clicking on untrusted links or visiting suspicious web pages to reduce the likelihood of successful social engineering attacks. 6) Utilize browser security features such as SameSite cookies and HttpOnly flags to protect session tokens from theft via XSS. 7) Perform regular security testing, including automated scanning and manual penetration testing focused on client-side vulnerabilities within AEM environments. These targeted measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on client-side code hygiene, user awareness, and layered defenses specific to DOM-based XSS in AEM.