CVE-2025-4723 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the itsourcecode Placement Management System, specifically in the /all_student.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'delete' parameter, which can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious SQL commands. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the backend database without requiring any user interaction or privileges. The vulnerability is classified as critical in terms of its nature but has been assigned a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9, indicating a medium severity level. The CVSS vector indicates that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a low extent (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The scope remains unchanged (S:U), and there are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication. The vulnerability could allow attackers to read, modify, or delete sensitive student data stored in the database, potentially leading to data breaches, unauthorized data manipulation, or disruption of placement management operations. Given the nature of the system, which likely manages student placement and recruitment data, the exposure of such information could have significant privacy and operational consequences.

For European organizations, especially educational institutions or agencies using the itsourcecode Placement Management System, this vulnerability poses a tangible risk to the confidentiality and integrity of student placement data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of personal data, violating GDPR requirements and potentially resulting in regulatory penalties. Integrity breaches could disrupt placement processes, affecting students' career opportunities and institutional reputation. Availability impacts, although rated low, could still result in temporary denial of service or data corruption, affecting operational continuity. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the risk of widespread attacks if the system is exposed to the internet without adequate protections. Additionally, the lack of patches or mitigations at the time of disclosure means organizations must act promptly to reduce exposure. The medium CVSS score reflects the balance between the critical nature of SQL injection and mitigating factors such as limited impact severity and no known active exploitation.

1. Immediate implementation of input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the /all_student.php file to prevent SQL injection. 2. If source code modification is not feasible immediately, deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block malicious SQL injection payloads targeting the 'delete' parameter. 3. Restrict network access to the Placement Management System to trusted internal networks or VPNs, minimizing exposure to external attackers. 4. Conduct thorough security audits and penetration testing focusing on SQL injection vectors across the application. 5. Monitor logs for suspicious database queries or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint. 6. Engage with the vendor or community for patches or updated versions addressing this vulnerability. 7. Educate system administrators and developers on secure coding practices and the importance of timely patching. 8. Implement database-level protections such as least privilege access controls to limit the impact of any successful injection.