CVE-2025-47725 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-787, indicating an out-of-bounds write issue in Delta Electronics' CNCSoft software. This vulnerability arises due to insufficient validation of user-supplied files. When a user opens a maliciously crafted file within CNCSoft, the software may perform an out-of-bounds write operation, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the current process. The vulnerability requires local access with high privileges (PR:H), user interaction (UI:A), and partial authentication (AT:P). The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates that the attack vector is local (AV:L), the attack complexity is low (AC:L), and the vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability at a high level (VC:H, VI:H, VA:H). The scope is high (SC:H), meaning the vulnerability can affect resources beyond the vulnerable component, and the impact is significant across security properties. CNCSoft is a specialized industrial control software used for CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines, which are critical in manufacturing environments. The lack of proper input validation in file handling can lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially allowing attackers to manipulate CNC operations, disrupt manufacturing processes, or cause physical damage to machinery. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet. The vulnerability was reserved in early May 2025 and published in June 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure.

For European organizations, particularly those in manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, and industrial automation sectors, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. CNCSoft is used to control CNC machines that are integral to production lines. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, allowing attackers to alter machining instructions, halt production, or damage equipment, resulting in operational downtime, financial loss, and safety hazards. The high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability means sensitive design data could be exposed or manipulated, intellectual property stolen, and production integrity compromised. Given the local attack vector and requirement for user interaction, insider threats or compromised user accounts could facilitate exploitation. The vulnerability could also be leveraged as a foothold for lateral movement within industrial networks, increasing the risk of broader operational technology (OT) environment compromise.

Organizations should immediately review and restrict access to CNCSoft installations, ensuring only trusted and trained personnel can open files within the software. Implement strict file validation policies and sandboxing where possible to isolate CNCSoft processes. Monitor and audit user activities related to file handling in CNCSoft to detect anomalous behavior. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit access to CNCSoft systems from general IT networks. Since no patches are currently available, consider deploying host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDS) to monitor for suspicious memory or process behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. Educate users on the risks of opening untrusted files and enforce the principle of least privilege to reduce the impact of potential exploitation. Engage with Delta Electronics for timely updates and patches, and plan for rapid deployment once available. Additionally, conduct regular backups of CNC configuration and operational data to enable recovery in case of compromise.