CVE-2025-4782 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in SourceCodester's Stock Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the web application component located at the endpoint /sms/admin/?page=receiving/view_receiving&id=1, where the 'id' parameter is improperly sanitized. This allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. The injection flaw can be exploited to manipulate backend database queries, potentially enabling unauthorized data access, data modification, or disruption of database availability. Although the exact code segment is unspecified, the vulnerability is classified as medium severity with a CVSS 4.0 score of 5.3, reflecting a network attack vector with low privileges required and no user interaction needed. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, and no official patches or fixes have been published yet. No known exploits are currently observed in the wild, but public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of exploitation attempts.

For European organizations using SourceCodester Stock Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of inventory and stock management data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive business information, manipulation of stock records, or disruption of supply chain operations. This can result in financial losses, reputational damage, and operational downtime. Given the critical role stock management systems play in logistics and retail sectors, exploitation could cascade into broader business process failures. The medium severity rating indicates that while the vulnerability is exploitable remotely without authentication, the impact is somewhat limited by the low privileges required and the lack of complete system compromise. However, organizations with inadequate network segmentation or exposed administrative interfaces are at higher risk.

Organizations should immediately audit their deployment of SourceCodester Stock Management System to identify if version 1.0 is in use. Since no official patch is available, temporary mitigations include restricting access to the affected administrative endpoint via network-level controls such as firewalls or VPNs, implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection payloads targeting the 'id' parameter, and conducting thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied parameters. Additionally, organizations should monitor logs for suspicious query patterns or unusual access to the /sms/admin/ page. Planning an upgrade to a patched or newer version once available is critical. Regular backups and incident response readiness should be ensured to mitigate potential data loss or compromise.