CVE-2025-47956 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-73, which pertains to External Control of File Name or Path. This specific vulnerability affects the Microsoft Windows Security App, version 1000.0.0.0. The flaw allows an authorized local attacker to manipulate the file name or path used by the application, leading to a spoofing attack. Spoofing in this context means the attacker can deceive users or the system by presenting falsified information or interfaces, potentially undermining trust in the security app. The vulnerability requires local access with low privileges (PR:L), does not require user interaction (UI:N), and has low attack complexity (AC:L). The attacker can exploit this vulnerability without elevating privileges but must have some authorized access to the system. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5, indicating a medium severity level, with a high impact on confidentiality (C:H) but no impact on integrity or availability. The scope remains unchanged (S:U), meaning the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without affecting other system components. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was published on June 10, 2025, with the reservation date on May 14, 2025.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily because it can lead to local spoofing attacks that compromise confidentiality. Since the Windows Security App is a core component used for system protection and user notifications, spoofing could mislead users into ignoring real threats or executing malicious actions under false pretenses. This could facilitate further attacks such as social engineering or local privilege escalation attempts. Confidential data displayed or handled by the security app could be exposed or manipulated, undermining trust in endpoint security. The impact is more pronounced in environments with shared or multi-user systems where an attacker with authorized access can exploit this flaw. However, since the attack requires local access and does not affect system integrity or availability, the overall risk is contained but still significant for sensitive environments such as government, finance, and critical infrastructure sectors prevalent in Europe.

To mitigate CVE-2025-47956, European organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Restrict local access rights strictly, ensuring that only trusted users have authorized access to systems running the vulnerable Windows Security App version. 2) Employ application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to monitor and block suspicious local activities that attempt to manipulate file paths or names related to security applications. 3) Educate users about the risks of local spoofing and encourage vigilance when interacting with security app notifications or interfaces. 4) Apply the vendor's patch promptly once available; meanwhile, consider deploying temporary workarounds such as disabling or restricting features of the Windows Security App that handle external file paths if feasible. 5) Conduct regular audits of local user permissions and system logs to detect any anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 6) Use enhanced logging and alerting mechanisms to capture attempts to exploit this vulnerability for timely incident response.