CVE-2025-47975 is a high-severity vulnerability identified in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0), specifically within the Windows Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) Service. The vulnerability is classified as a double free (CWE-415), where the system erroneously attempts to free the same memory location twice. This flaw can lead to memory corruption, which attackers can exploit to execute arbitrary code or escalate privileges. In this case, the vulnerability allows an authorized local attacker with low privileges to elevate their privileges on the affected system. The attack vector requires local access (AV:L), and the attack complexity is high (AC:H), meaning exploitation demands specific conditions or expertise. No user interaction is needed (UI:N), and the scope is unchanged (S:U), indicating the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without impacting other system components. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), suggesting that successful exploitation could allow full control over the system, including access to sensitive data, modification of system files, and disruption of services. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature and impact make it a significant risk, especially on systems still running this older Windows 10 version. The lack of publicly available patches at the time of publication increases the urgency for mitigation and monitoring.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk, particularly in environments where Windows 10 Version 1809 remains in use, such as legacy systems or specialized industrial setups. Successful exploitation could enable attackers to gain elevated privileges, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive corporate data, disruption of critical business processes, and lateral movement within networks. This risk is heightened in sectors with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, where breaches could result in regulatory penalties under GDPR and damage to reputation. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged by insider threats or malware that gains initial local access, amplifying the potential damage. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently offers a window for proactive defense, but organizations should not be complacent given the high impact and ease of privilege escalation once local access is obtained.

European organizations should prioritize upgrading or patching systems running Windows 10 Version 1809 to the latest supported Windows version or security update as soon as Microsoft releases a patch for CVE-2025-47975. In the interim, organizations should implement strict access controls to limit local user privileges and restrict access to systems running this vulnerable version. Employing application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions can help detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. Network segmentation should be used to isolate critical systems and reduce the risk of lateral movement. Regularly auditing and monitoring logs for unusual activity related to the SSDP service or memory corruption events can provide early warning signs. Additionally, disabling or restricting the SSDP service where it is not required can reduce the attack surface. Organizations should also ensure that all users follow the principle of least privilege to minimize the impact of any local compromise.