CVE-2025-48065 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79 affecting Combodo iTop, an open-source web-based IT service management platform widely used for managing IT infrastructure and services. The vulnerability exists in versions prior to 2.7.13 and between 3.0.0-alpha and 3.2.2, where certain input fields that display error messages do not properly sanitize or neutralize malicious input before rendering it in HTML pages. This improper neutralization allows attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code that executes in the context of the victim's browser when they view the affected error field. The vulnerability requires no authentication but does require user interaction, such as clicking a crafted link or viewing a manipulated page. The CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as successful exploitation can lead to session hijacking, credential theft, unauthorized actions on behalf of the user, and potential pivoting within the network. The issue was addressed in versions 2.7.13 and 3.2.2 by implementing proper HTML content escaping and input validation. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the widespread use of iTop in enterprise environments makes this a significant risk. Organizations using vulnerable versions should prioritize patching and review their input handling and output encoding practices to prevent exploitation.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-48065 can be severe due to the critical role iTop plays in IT service management, including asset tracking, incident management, and change control. Exploitation could allow attackers to steal session cookies or credentials, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive IT infrastructure data and management consoles. This can result in data breaches, disruption of IT operations, and potential lateral movement within corporate networks. Given the high CVSS score and the fact that no authentication is required, attackers can target employees or administrators through phishing or social engineering to trigger the XSS payload. The compromise of ITSM tools can undermine trust in IT processes and delay incident response, exacerbating the damage. Additionally, regulatory compliance requirements such as GDPR impose strict data protection obligations, and exploitation could lead to significant legal and financial consequences for affected organizations.

1. Immediately upgrade all Combodo iTop instances to version 2.7.13 or 3.2.2 or later, where the vulnerability is patched. 2. Implement strict input validation on all user-supplied data, especially in fields that generate error messages, to ensure no malicious scripts can be injected. 3. Apply context-aware output encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) when rendering user input in web pages to prevent script execution. 4. Conduct security reviews and penetration testing focused on input handling and XSS vulnerabilities in iTop customizations or integrations. 5. Educate users and administrators about the risks of clicking untrusted links or interacting with suspicious content related to iTop. 6. Monitor web application logs for unusual input patterns or error messages that may indicate exploitation attempts. 7. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to reduce the impact of potential XSS attacks by restricting script sources. 8. If immediate patching is not possible, consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block XSS payloads targeting iTop.